The Different Stages of Prenatal Development Essay

The Different Stages of Prenatal Development - Essay Example In the mental calling, there are those that partake in Prenatal and Perinatal brain science. People that try to teach others about mental turn of events. From the principal second that an individual discovers that they are pregnant, there generally are a wide assortment of feelings that are experienced by themselves as well as those nearest to them. The feeling of marvel with respect to how something like this could have occurred yet in addition, a similarly felt feeling of consideration being paid to what the pregnancy would intend to their life, both in the present and going into both the work and post-conveyance, just as their new youngster. Through the span of the 40 weeks that a lady encounters pregnancy, the mental improvements that happen are similarly as applicable, as the fetal advancements that are happening for their kid. How mental reactions can be supported from the hour of advancement and proceed through an amazing remainder. The phases of pregnancy are ordered into three classifications. As indicated by Buzzle.com (2000-2009, 2010), they are; Origination stage-The origination stage happens in the initial fourteen days of pregnancy. What it infers is that the body is setting itself up for pregnancy and is making the important strides so as to improve the procedure. A pre-birth improvement step by step study shows that in these initial fourteen days the body grows a thick layer of blood perfused tissue in the belly. The procedure of origination takes around fourteen days, and after that the egg arrives at the uterus where it begins developing. Early stage-Once the egg has arrived at the uterus, the undeveloped stage starts. This proceeds till about the eleventh seven day stretch of pregnancy, and is the most significant of the considerable number of phases of pre-birth improvement. The basic improvement of the incipient organism starts in this stage, and all things considered, due consideration and precautionary measures must be taken. By around the fourth week, the cell division is in full stream, and the divisions are made between the cells that will make up the child, and the cells that will make up the placenta. By the sixth seven day stretch of pregnancy, the infant builds up a heartbeat and arms and legs, so this is a significant phase of pre-birth improvement. The procedure proceeds and by the eighth week the teeth and the digestive organs start to frame too. When the undeveloped stage closes at the eleventh week, the youngster has begun the improvement of every single significant organ, the focal sensory system, di fferent joints in the body, and the irises in the eyes. Fetal Development-From the eleventh week onwards, the youngster is known as a hatchling, and this stage is the last among the pre-birth advancement course of events, and it eventually comes full circle in the introduction of the kid. Till about the sixteenth week the embryo creates hair, nails, vocal lines, private parts, solidified bones, and a working liver and kidneys. By about the twentieth week fat beginnings gathering under the skin, the heart begins siphoning more measures of blood every day, and the infant likewise begins encountering hiccups. Pre-birth improvement then hinders a piece, and by the 24th week, the kid has shaped eyelids and eyebrows, and it weighs around 6 kilograms (1.3 pounds). The improvement at that point proceeds and gradually the lungs begin creating, and by the 28th week the

Business Etiquette and Manners Essay

Each time one reaches ones workers, bosses or clients one leaves a specific impression of oneself and the organization, administration or item one speaks to and early introductions consistently have an effect on accomplishing business destinations. Accordingly it is significant for one to leave the correct observation on individuals by figuring out how to appropriately act in a business domain. Business decorum is the means by which one does what one does in the business world. This is valid on industrial facility sequential construction systems, corporate meeting rooms, business kitchens and supermarkets. When working in an office throughout the day, it is essential to exhibit great habits and appropriate office decorum. Recorded beneath are a few pointers in regards to legitimate conduct: * Treat everybody with deference: If you need to empower the workplace conduct of regard, you should begin by offering it to others consistently. From the assistant at the front work area to the CEO of the organization and planned customers, displaying deferential mentalities toward all individuals is the initial phase in cultivating work demonstrable skill. Regard should likewise be given to people who come into contact with you that are not part of the organization, including conveyance people, office gear fix people, property chiefs and particularly clients. Be caring and respectful to everybody. * Addressing people by their honorific or title: Due to casualness in the work environment today, a ton of business is lost, and generosity obliterated, in view of complete negligence for appropriately tending to customers. The best possible approach to deliver customers is to welcome them utilizing their honorific or title followed by their last name; ladies ought to be alluded to as ‘Ms. ’ Regardless of their conjugal status. Allude to people habitually by their names: Take the time and put forth the attempt to focus on the name of the individual you are being acquainted with. A person’s name means the world to them. To fabricate affinity with a customer, notice their name a few times during the discussion, it helps in making an association with the customer and contacting them on an individual level. * Introduce individuals with certainty: Most individuals despise making presentations, since they don't have the foggiest idea how to appropriately make them. Presenting individuals with certainty is an incredible method to dazzle your clients. In business, presentations are controlled by priority. The individual who holds the situation of most noteworthy expert in an association outweighs other people who work there. For instance, you acquaint your company’s president with a partner. * Be on schedule: Punctuality is one of the key criterion’s of making a decision about your strength as a laborer. Guarantee that you arrive at your office and corporate occasions you may be welcome to dependably. In the event that at all practicable take a stab at arriving at ten minutes ahead of schedule. This may offer you a chance to unwind and loosen up before you initiate with your work. In the event that you are a visitor, comprehend that the coordinator has been particular with the greeting list. Numerous solicitations will incorporate a short plan that features when visitors may show up for the occasion, ordinarily giving a window of 15 to 30 minutes for enrollment and welcome gathering times. * Wear appropriate office clothing: Watch your pieces of clothing. While this remains constant for any one, it holds significantly more significance for women. Your office is intended to be a spot for work and not some extravagant dress rivalry. At work, you ought to be wearing a direct yet brilliant design. Formal suits and dresses ought to be worn in unbiased hues with the goal that they mirror your demonstrable skill. Reach: There are barely any physical contacts that are suitable in business; the most significant and satisfactory is your handshake. Your handshake is a non-verbal piece of information that shows to the next individual whether you are an assume responsibility individual. For instance, a firm and solid handshake proposes that you are conclusive, in charge. Welcome everybody with a firm, true handshake, an amicable grin and direct eye to eye connection. In any case, when moving toward a gathering of people, it’s critical to take note of that you ought to consistently respectfully acknowledge the most noteworthy positioning official first. Keep up a solid office condition: Keep the space proficient and flawless with suitable individual contacts! Individuals will see the space and think of it as an impression of you. Regardless of whether it is a work area or office, regard others’ space. Don’t simply stroll in; thump or make your essence delicately known. Don’t expect affirmation of your quality is a challenge to plunk down; hold up until you are welcome to do as such. Don’t intrude on individuals on the telephone, and don’t attempt to speak with them verbally or with gesture based communication. You could harm a significant call. Cutoff individual calls, particularly on the off chance that you work in a space that comes up short on an entryway. Realize when and where it is fitting to utilize your mobile phone in your office. Food utilization ought to for the most part be controlled. Scents and commotion from food can be diverting to others attempting to work. * While managing clients: Name-tumblers when we present ourselves or others has become a significant issue; particularly on the phone. We have to back off and articulate our names gradually, plainly and unmistakably. From the outset it might feel as though you are misrepresenting your name, however you are truly helping the other individual and improving by and large correspondence. When managing furious clients, it is critical to limit your annoyance, resist the urge to panic, hear them out and guarantee them that you will take care of their issues. Particularly via phone while dealing with whines, talk delicately. That will relieve the speaker and show the person in question that you’re keen on taking care of the objection in a quiet, judicious way. Learning the guidelines of business behavior isn't hard and it isn't exorbitant the same number of organizations offer proper preparing on business manners, including interchanges, clothing, organizing, worldwide business decorum and recently recruited employee decorum preparing. Individuals really want to work with those that make them agreeable and realize how to best deal with themselves in an assortment of circumstances. Figuring out how to fuse great business manners into the working environment will deliver profits both in representative resolve and on your company’s primary concern. Client devotion additionally improves when great business manners is in full power as it is reflected in the climate of your office or shop.

Heart of Darkness - How Do We Encounter Ourselves in the Modern Society

While I was perusing the short story â€Å"Heart of Darkness,† by Joseph Conrad, I reviewed a paper I read back in Korea, titled â€Å"Why Do We Read Novels.† The author of the article expresses that the most widely recognized motivation behind why we, as individuals, read books is that it causes us to ask ourselves how the equity or foul play of this present reality identifies with that of the author’s words. Thusly, the short story â€Å"Heart of Darkness† depicts the encounters and musings of Conrad through the story of two significant characters, Marlow and Mr. Kurtz. His work powers the peruser to contemplate inquiries of the ethical quality, mankind, and madness which happens in our human lives. The story is a record of Marlow’s excursion to meeting Mr. Kurtz, an ethically undermined being who is an emblematic portrayal of the haziness and wild of the African wilderness. It is important to give close consideration to the procedure of Marlow’s excursion and meeting with Mr. Kurtz so as to comprehend the significance of what he gained from finding himself and how this identifies with our cutting edge world. Dissimilar to other white men who went into the Congo River for unmoral or materialistic reasons, for example, to Christianize the locals or to get rich by abusing all the ivories in the wilderness, Marlow doesn't feel directly about how the Imperialistic European nations endeavor of the remainder of the world. This is demonstrated plainly when Marlow says â€Å"This gave band considered itself the Eldorado Exploring Expedition, and I accept they were vowed to mystery. Their discussion, be that as it may, was the discussion of shameful marauders: it was crazy without hardihood, covetous without dauntlessness, and barbarous without boldness, there was not a molecule of fore-sight or of genuine goal in the entire group of them, and they didn't appear to be mindful ... ... wildernesses of the Congo or on the edified avenues of London. I feel unequivocally that one reason why Conrad composed this novella is to urge us to get some information about how we experience ourselves in the contemporary society. He more likely than not felt that individuals during his time enjoyed government, which kept them from thinking about themselves. Therefore, there are numerous confirmations in the content that show his critical perspective on government. For instance, Marlow depicts the French army’s terminating into a landmass as â€Å"a weak screech† (P.275), suggesting the author’s cynical view towards government. Along these lines, the individuals in the cutting edge society enjoy current things that keep us from thinking about ourselves, for example, broad communications, the web, and so on. Conrad once said â€Å"Facing it, continually confronting it, that is the best approach to overcome. Face it.† Are we confronting ourselves?

How to Write Funny Problem Solution Essay Topics

How to Write Funny Problem Solution Essay TopicsThese days, many people who are struggling with college entrance exams or are simply trying to keep up with the times need funny problem solution essay topics. Sure, the first rule of grammar is always to spell the words right. But, that's not enough to prevent you from writing a great college essay.The reason why most students fail at essays is that they haven't thought through the problem. Maybe you know what is causing your problem but you simply aren't addressing it. Here are some guidelines on the best ways to take care of a problem.First, write out your writing problems first. Is your spelling or grammar bad? Is there a topic you simply don't understand? Or, do you simply not have the time or the knowledge to solve this issue?Second, write out the solutions to your writing problems. Ask yourself what you would tell someone who was struggling to figure out how to solve the problem. If you don't have a plan to tackle this topic, the n create one.Third, when you are trying to come up with funny problem solution essay topics, don't be afraid to use humor. Use humor to show you're not having a problem and make you interesting. Or, show the reader how you made a personal connection with the person that is taking the test. You can even come up with something funny to use as a hook for the essay.Fourth, when you are looking for the best humorous essay topics, don't just look online. Go to a real paper store and they may have some creative ideas for you.Fifth, if you're struggling with a college entrance examor trying to get up with the times, don't worry. There are many ways to write an essay. Look at the tips above and take the help that you need.

Essay about Nora’s Character Development in Ibsen’s A...

Nora’s Character Development in Ibsen’s A Doll’s House Ibsen’s character Nora in A Doll’s House, shows gradual development throughout the play to support his theme that above all else, you are human; even in marriage both parties should be given the equal opportunities, rights and respect. While Nora may at first seem happy with her life inside her â€Å"doll house†, she begins to recognize that she must find herself, and stop being a toy in the lives of men. Nora’s growth could be described as a subtle process. It is not until the end of the play that she even decides to leave and seek out the life experience she needs to develop her own thoughts, ideas and actions. However, there are definitely many small instances within the†¦show more content†¦Also in Act II, Nora begins to question the law. When Krogstad comes to Nora, they speak of why she used the money. Nora says, â€Å"Hasn’t a daughter the right to shield he r father from worry and anxiety when he’s old and dying? Hasn’t a wife the right to save her husband’s life? I don’t know much about the law, but there must be something somewhere that says that such things are allowed†(2,1). Nora doesn’t seem to question much, but her concern that she could not sign for a loan to take care of her family as a man could shows that she is now questioning the rights of a woman. Much of Nora’s change and growth is shown in Act III. As the party begins to die down, Torvald takes Nora and tells her how he feels towards her. Helmer: I say, it’s nice to get back to one’s home again, and be all alone with you. Upon my word, you’re a distractingly beautiful young woman. 2 Nora: Don’t look at me that way, Torvald! Helmer: What, not look at my most treasured possession? At all this wonderful beauty that’s mine, mine alone, all mine. Nora: You mustn’t talk to me like that tonight. (3.1) Nora begins to take offence to the words of Torvald. He refers to her as his most â€Å"prized possession†, and continues to say that he often imagines her as though she is his mistress, and she is a temptress. Nora continues to get offended, telling Torvald she doesn’t want any of this. Nora beginsShow MoreRelatedShakespeare s A Doll s House Essay1352 Words   |  6 PagesThe Performance of Gender in Ibsen’s A Doll’s House It can be said that the sound of Nora Helmer slamming the door behind her as she leaves her husband and children in pursuit of self-actualization is one of the most famous in theatre history. The journey the characters in A Doll’s House take in order to build to this powerful moment is a fascinating one. Countless scholars have analyzed aspects of Ibsen’s famous play; some have examined the complicated marriage between Nora and Torvald Helmer,Read MoreHenrik Ibsens A Dolls House1489 Words   |  6 Pagesparticular response. The play â€Å"A Doll’s House† by Henrik Ibsen provides an excellent example for analysis, with each component strongly supported. Often the first, and most obvious, component that can be observed when reading drama is the point of view that it is written from. Point of view determines the perspective from which the story is told. In a play there is typically not a narrator, leaving the audience to witness the action and dialogue of all the characters and compose a personal interpretationRead MoreNora s Escape From Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House Essay2552 Words   |  11 PagesDavis Honors Modern Literature 7 October 2016 Nora’s Escape Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House follows Nora’s struggles to escape the firm grasp of her domineering husband. Throughout the novel, Nora is depicted as obedient to her husband, Torvald, and never dares to stand up to him. Torvald’s condescension and thinly veiled misogyny continuously confines Nora to her strict 19th century gender role. The title of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House mirrors Nora’s sense of oppression and lack of agency as sheRead MoreThe American author Napoleon Hill once stated â€Å"think twice before you speak, because your words and800 Words   |  4 Pagesfailure in the mind of another.† In Henrick Ibsen’s play A Doll’s House, the character of Mrs. Linde contributes to the exposition and pivotal moment when she encourages Krogstad not to retrieve his letter from Torvald Helmer’s mailbox, she also has a profound influence on the character development of Nora Helmer. Mrs. Linde directly contributes to Nora’s moment of realization and Nora’s decision to leave her husband at the end of the play. Woman within Ibsen’s time period were often times consideredRead MoreA Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen Essay961 Words   |  4 PagesIn Henrik Ibsen’s play A Doll’s House, pointedly captures the reality of the Victorian Era within the play. Nora Helmer, the protagonist of the story, represents the typical women in society during that era. The audience’s first impression of Nora is a money obsessed, childish, obedient house wife to her husband, Torvald Helmer. However, as the play progresses one can see that Nora is far from being that typical ideal trophy wife, she is an impulsive liar who goes against society’s norm to be whomRead More The Controversial Theme of A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen Essay1997 Words   |  8 PagesThe Controversial Theme of A Dolls House      Ã‚  Ã‚  In his play, A Dolls House, Henrik Ibsen depicts a female protagonist, Nora Helmer, who dares to defy her husband and forsake her duty as a wife and mother to seek out her individuality. A Dolls House challenges the patriarchal view held by most people at the time that a womans place was in the home. Many women could relate to Noras situation. Like Nora, they felt trapped by their husbands and their fathers; however, they believed that theRead MoreAnalysis of the Character of Mrs. Linde in A Dolls House1084 Words   |  5 Pageseither success or failure in the mind of another.† In Henrick Ibsen’s play A Doll’s House, the character of Mrs. Linde contributes to the exposition and pivotal moment of the decideding factors of Krogstad, she also has a profound influence on the character development of Nora Helmer. Mrs. Linde directly contributes to Nora’s moment of realization and Nora’s decision to leave her husband at the end of the play. Woman within Ibsen’s time period were often considered lesser in comparison to men,Read MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1444 Words   |  6 Pagesconcerns about the physical and mental oppression of women by male dominance are brought to life in â€Å"A Doll s House†. Through the characterisation of male dominance Ibsen expresses the view that all women possess the right to develop their own individuality, but in â€Å"A Doll’s House† the reality is that their role was often sacrificial. During the late 19th century, when the events of â€Å"A Doll’s House† unfold, women were not treated as equals with men, either in relation to their husbands or society. Torvald’sRead MoreHenrik Ibsen s A Doll s House Essay1408 Words   |  6 PagesHenrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House is a play that makes tremendous contributions to the rise of international women’s liberation movements. Much significance of the play can be found in the characterization of its female protagonist Nora. In many aspects, Nora has become an iconic character, serving as a source of inspiration to various social and cultural movements. This essay aims to trace the development of Nora’s behavior from a â€Å"female doll† to a â€Å"woman rebel† by focusing on Ibsen’s use of linguisticRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1487 Words   |  6 Pagesrelatively superfluous character, he helps set the mood and the progression of his illness runs alongside the predominant story. Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House takes place after a woman, Nora, illegally takes a loan. She then struggles to hide it when the lender, Krogstad, threatens to reveal her crime to her husband, Torvald Helmer. Dr. Rank appears to play a minor role in the story but his illness is a highly underrated element. Dr. Rank plays an important role in A Doll’s House through his companionship

Minimum Wage Should Increase Unemployment - 996 Words

We, the people elect representatives to improve society, and some of us have very high standards. It is a representative’s duty and responsibility to manage taxes, improve health, protect the environment, protect lives, improve education, and many more. Rightfully, we want each and every representative to perform their duties, and hopefully exceed expectations. Without a doubt, as a fellow representative who represents the people, you should raise minimum wage. It is all about the people, and making society a better place. Theoretically, minimum wage should decrease unemployment, close racial gaps, enable families to take care of basic necessities, and would somehow make the world a better place. However, theories are ideas, intended to explain a situation; they are not facts, they are not constant, and they can be wishful thinking. Therefore, an increase in minimum wage does not ensure these privileges. There are too many factors to consider before making a drastic decision. A raise in minimum wage will negatively impact the workforce which will eventually cause Inflation. We live in a society where roles are reversed, and where people wants fast and efficiency. At the age of fifteen or younger, many young adults have children. Also, many young adults are the acting parent for their siblings. These teens are without experience searching for a job to improve their situation. With the opportunity of a job, they have the funding to take care of their child/children, or theirShow MoreRelatedLink between Higher Minimum Wage and Higher Unemployment1179 Words   |  5 PagesIn theory when an increase in minimum wage increases the cost of low-wage workers firms should want to hire less workers, however in reality this basic theory might be wrong according to Plumer B. (2013) While some studies found a link between higher minimum wage and higher unemployment level many others such as a recent paper from U.C. Berkeley that exploited differences across state borders did not find a link between higher minimum wage and higher unemployment. A study by John Schmitt of theRead MoreA Brief Note On Raising Minimum Wage1088 Words   |  5 PagesBrendan Mason Mrs. Scruggs 08/07/15 Raising minimum Wage There is always talk about the problems of North Carolina’s economy, and these problems then become publicized and put throughout the media, informing people on the condition of their state’s economy. A popular topic lately is the state’s minimum wage, and whether it should be raised or if we should keep the current minimum wage. Usually, opinions vary on what to do about minimum wage, however there certainly seems to be a larger group ofRead MoreThe Positive and Negative Effects of Raising Minimum Wage805 Words   |  4 Pagesincome. Many people’s income relies on minimum wage. In 2012, 3.6 million people received an hourly pay at or below minimum wage. There is an ongoing debate in government as to what the minimum wage should be. Stuck at $7.25, Obama has suggested raising the minimum wage to $9.00. Depending on a person’s perspective, raising minimum wage could be positive or negative. Minimum wage has the ability to change lives, and change t he economy. Small businesses and unemployment, teenage demographics, and the costRead MoreShould Minimum Wage Be Raised?870 Words   |  4 PagesShould Minimum Wage Be Raised? Minimum wage has always been a controversial issue. Many politicians use the argument of minimum wage for their own political propaganda. Some may argue minimum wage should be raised, while others believe it will have detrimental effects on our economy if it is raised. Surprising to most people, minimum wage earners make up only a small percent of American workers. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, minimum wage workers make up about 2.8% of all workersRead MoreThe Minimum Wage Should Be Legal905 Words   |  4 PagesRise in minimum wage has several impacts apart from unemployment. The minimum-wage workers would have to pay more taxes and receive fewer benefits if they are subjected to rise of minimum wage. The federal marginal rate for tax is 32 percent on an average for low earning members. This would amount to almost one third of the income of a worker. The tax rate is quite high for low paid workers. The rise of minimum wage would also reduce some of the advantages an d leverages that the low-wage workersRead MoreRaising The Minimum Wage?1575 Words   |  7 PagesThe issue of raising the minimum wage from $7.25 to $15 an hour is a heavily debated topic. Both sources against or in favor of the minimum wage refer to a â€Å"growing gap† between low-income workers and high-income earners. Sources against the minimum wage believe raising it will increase this gap, whereas those in favor of the minimum wage believe it will decrease this gap. The arguments in favor of the minimum wage rely mostly on ethical beliefs, such as â€Å"pay should reflect hard work,† to advanceRead MoreThe Effects of Raising the Minimum Wage on US Economy1507 Words   |  6 Pagessupport their family. Due to the fact that the prices of goods increase year and after year, the minimum wage has been increasing from less than a dollar to $7.25 now. The question that comes to everybody is that should we increase the minimum wage by too far. Does the minimum wage in crease reduce the unemployment since now the current wage is high enough? Some people might think that we should increase the minimum wage in order to increase the labor supply. However, if we think deeply than this, thereRead MoreImpact Of Minimum Wage On Unemployment1305 Words   |  6 PagesImpact of minimum wage on unemployment The supply and demand factors show significance towards growth of unemployment. It has been observed that the price floor above equilibrium wage should cause unemployment. There are many people who have provided their arguments against the fact. However, it has been observed that whenever there has been a rise in the minimum wage of workers, unemployment rate goes very high. For example, an organization has to maintain its expenses as well as its incomes.Read MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Minimum Wage In Taiwan1541 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Nowadays, minimum wage is very important for workers in this world. In addition, minimum wage is also a core element of public policy in lots of countries. For example, minimum wage has become a hot topic in Taiwan recently. The Taiwanese complained that the working hours are too long, and the wages are too low. Because of that reason, workers in Taiwan have come forward to protest this policy. Therefore, according to this example, minimum wage has become an issue that cannot be ignoredRead MoreCongress As Part Of The Fair Labor Standards Act1084 Words   |  5 PagesStandards Act (FLSA) instituted minimum wage back in 1938. The first minimum wage was at $0.25 per hour and the last minimum wage increase occurred in 2007. Over the past 65 years the minimum wage has varied considerably in inflation-adjusted buying power. It has averaged $6.60 an hour in purchasing power in 2013 dollars, but it has ranged from a low of $3.09 an hour in late 1948 to a high of $8.67 an hour in 1968. Toda y’s minimum wage buys somewhat more than the minimum wage has historically, although

Critical Essay Cross Cultural Communication and Practice

Question: 1. What are the principles of culturally appropriate or culturally sensitive development?2. How do these relate to development theory and practice generally?3. How may these principles be applied in practice generally within your target community (you may want to focus in on your desired professional area of work here)4. What may enhance your capacity as a culturally competent development practitioner in this context? Answers: Introduction Cross cultural communication is referred as the intriguing area that has tried to empower the understanding about the peoples coming from the different social backgrounds and those communicate, compare and diversify the routes (Blum-Kulka, House and Kasper 1989). In the last work I have mentioned that I belong to the Hindu religion and working as the civil engineer in one of the multinational organization located in New Delhi. Its noted that in the country like India, there are many religious communities, and cross culture s the work place has become quite common (Blum-Kulka, House and Kasper 1989). In the western countries they have the strong and stable culture; where else in India we have mostly unstable as well as moderately less tolerant culture (Blum-Kulka, House and Kasper 1989). There are many religious communities existing in the country that has enhanced the culture and communication practices in the country, but still the main focus is placed over its advancement and the d evelopments (Blum-Kulka, House and Kasper 1989). With the changes coming in the international social reforms, the concept of globalization has increased, and made the global business as their priority to take the multinational companies to take hold of the competitive advantage (Blum-Kulka, House and Kasper 1989). The culturally sensitive communities play many challenges at the workplace, and its a challenge to manage this kind of workforce (Blum-Kulka, House and Kasper 1989). I have selected Islam as my target culture, as in India there are many Muslims residing in the country. Managing the differences in the target culture is not easy as they vary in languages, cultures and in their tradition and managing them in multinational companies is not easy (Blum-Kulka, House and Kasper 1989). The diversity in the human resources within the company relates to the social setup, but at the same time it also impacts the personality as well as psychology of the stakeholders (Blum-Kulka, House and Kasper 1989). The target culture sleeted by me is Muslim culture. Culture in nation advances its communication and the diversified culture at the workplace also offers many opportunities of learning but at the same time there are many drawbacks of it, as adjusting with people from different backgrounds is not that easy (Blum-Kulka, House and Kasper 1989). 1. Culturally sensitive development in target culture India is considered as the place having the high cultural heritage that influences the peoples originality (Davis 2009). Through India is considered as the highest business hub in the global trade business, but simultaneously, it becomes challenging for the companies in adapt with the cultural shift in the country (Carbaugh 2013). The business in the India holds the cultural etiquettes along with ethics, which is required by the multinational corporations to adapt with both flexibility and tolerance (Davis 2009). The India is the country with diversified cultures, and in which culture is entirely variant in context of attribute in which they pray, religion, and appearance, greetings, environment of workplace, behavior, communication, and womens working at the workplace, habits of drinking, and eating (Carbaugh 2013). Therefore, the multinational companies that are doing business in India require to adapt with the cultural norms in context of marketing and various other activities of operations; therefore, they need to follow the legal obligations and also need to create the market loyalty towards the company through increasing the feeling of belongingness (Rogers and Shoemaker 1971). Companies in India have to face various issues mainly the challenges of cross culture in context of the workplace environment and for conducting the marketing activities with the customers of host country; the challenges of culture link with the language, religion, women working in offices, working style, appearances, behavior as well as attitude (Rogers and Shoemaker 1971). All these factors pay important role in the culture of an organization and the loyalty, and customer satisfaction as the local national that tries to prefer those brands in which they could actually trust and feel the belongingness and the organization that could connect with more customers (Rogers and Shoemaker 1971). Islam is one of the major religions practiced in India and the same encompasses the different aspects of the life in the country (Rogers and Shoemaker 1971). This faith of Islam puts light on the generosity of the religion, along with modesty and respect in the business that is entirely opposite of the organizational culture based in USA (Rogers and Shoemaker 1971). The individual respect as well as honor is the most prominent and supreme in the culture of Islam and the discussions about the business are actually done through the support of the indirect communication style (Gudykunst 2003). Hierarchy in the organizations is considered as the key concept in the India that focuses over the approach of top down for taking the decisions, authorities and for power to centralize to the one person (Scollon, Scollon and Jones 2011). In the case of direct communication, they try to leave the very less space in comparison with the culture of the organization, but the Islam gives high value towards the civility in the business (Gudykunst 2003). Next factor relates to women shaking hands in the meetings is actually restricted, and women try to avoid shaking hands with the men (Scollon, Scollon and Jones 2011). Its noted that the person status in the company is considered important and the top person is greeted first (Scollon, Scollon and Jones 2011). Hospit ality is also considered as the matter of pride in the Islamic culture and they even try to preserve the honor to host the person or organization (Gudykunst 2003). The culture of India is actually very vast in context of different factors, and attire is the most important factors in the Islamic culture (Scollon, Scollon and Jones 2011). Women have to wear the Abaya that cover their body. Culture in India tries to initiate the communication that is actually decisive in its nature (Scollon, Scollon and Jones 2011). At certain points the diversity at the workplace, there are certain critical elements that supports in having the successful communication with the associations (Scollon, Scollon and Jones 2011). By considering the experience of the Ting-Toomey and Chung, it can be mentioned that the hierarchical setup in the companies it becomes critical to have the equal appreciation within the culture, along with religion value and confidence (Ting-Toomey and Chung 2012). For example, while working in the civil engineering company there is many people who come from different religions who adopt their certain set of practices societies and perspectiv es (Scollon, Scollon and Jones 2011). While this can be considered as imperative in having the association to give guarantee, as it provides equal administration and also give space in every group through breaking the authoritative target (Ting-Toomey and Chung 2012). It is also observed that due to the cultural contrasts in musings; therefore, they are not conveyed properly, and there are many reasons for it, for example an expert who comes from the Hindu religion might talk with the dialects, where else the person from the Islamic culture might not do the same (Groeschl 2003). These factors come in the perplexity due to the dialect befuddle that often comes in the mistakes which comes by providing the data (Ting-Toomey and Chung 2012). It is explored that there are three development process stages of culturally sensitive communities, which includes incompetence, and cultural competence through having various cognitive, skilled based and affective elements (Groeschl 2003). The Groeschl tries to maintain the basic impacts of the delivered services through the help of practitioners that are actually culturally sensitive, incompetent, or culturally competent and are also damaging, beneficial, as well as neutral (Groeschl 2003). However, there is a detailed explanation of the process that is given through Lung-Tan and Yuan-Ho (2005), under which they includes six stages of the culturally sensitive development (Lung-Tan and Yuan-Ho 2005). In this way practitioners such as systems and organization, advance through the cultural capacity, cultural destructiveness, cultural pre-competence, cultural blindness, cultural proficiency, as well as cultural competence (Lung-Tan and Yuan-Ho 2005). As per Hofstede (1984), for progressing with the practitioners one require to appreciate the diversity of culture at the workplace and should also try to acknowledge the biases of culture and need to be aware about what happens when the two culture interact with each other (Hofstede 1984). Furthermore, the actions taken by them need to undertake the cultural background of every person working in multinational company (Gray 1988). 2. Development theory There are many experts and the scholars who are trying to create the impact on the differences lying in the cross culture and on the behavior of the people in order to support them in reducing the risks of intercultural of the global business (Gray 1988). According to the founder of Intercultural Development Institute of research, it is believed that there are many experienced person, who has to face the cultural differences and there are many people who has tried to develop the intercultural competence by making it more effective while working across the different cultures (Hofstede 1984). As per the Hofstede (1984) of developmental Model of Intercultural sensitivity, there are round six stages over the path of developing the competence of intercultural, and its noted that every characteristic through the help of specific behavior and perception is towards other as well as their own culture (Hofstede 1984). It is noted that the key changes in the intercultural competence mainly happens through the ethno relativism and ethnocentrism. In different context, through having the knowledge about various cultures for becoming superior helps in understanding about own culture, as its equal to the complexity and value with other culture (Hofstede 1984). These six stages of Bennetts Model of development in the intercultural sensitivity are explained below: 1. Denial- in this stage, individual denies every interaction with the other people from other cultures and depicts having no interest in discovering the differences in the culture (Arredondo 1999). They might act in aggressive way in different situations of cross culture (Arredondo 1999). 2. Defense- In this stage, people considers every culture to be more inferior then their own culture and they try to criticize the behavior of others from different culture (Arredondo 1999). 3. Minimization- At this stage, individuals start to believe that the cultures often share the similar values (Arredondo 1999). They even try to reduce the differences in culture through making other people correct in order match with their expectations (Arredondo 1999). 4. Acceptance- In this stage, people might try to judge the other cultures in negative way, but at the same time they try to explore that are cultures are actually different and they might get curious about the differences in cultures (Arredondo 1999). 5. Adaptation- In this stage, individuals tries to attain the ability to get adapted with the behavior in effective way through changing their own communication style and behavior (Arredondo 1999). 6. Integration- In this stage, they tend to achieve it by the expatriates for long term and working abroad (Arredondo 1999). In this stage people change their communication style and behavior while interacting with the people from other culture (Arredondo 1999). Through progressing from the Ethnocentrism towards the Ethno relativism over the scale it actually takes time, yet it is important to achieve success from any business that work towards enhancing the international economy (Australian Government: National Health and Medical Research Council 2006). Through becoming more sensitive towards inter-culture could only be attained through combining the first hand experience with various other cultures and participating in the training courses of inter-culture such as effective international leadership (Australian Government: National Health and Medical Research Council 2006). In the stage of integration could be reached, and the combination between the living experience and while working in Islamic culture and then taking part in the intercultural courses of training permits the international business to reach towards the stage of adaptation in order to acquire the high intercultural level competence, which will even ensure about the working in international environment (Australian Government: National Health and Medical Research Council 2006). Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory Individualism/ collectivism- Individualism implies societys individuals are usually loose and its expected that everyone take care for them and their family. The Muslims have the high collectivism level as they believe that being loyal with the community is the significant cultural value. They give priority to well being of the group, instead of their personal desires. Uncertainty avoidance- The dimension of uncertainty avoidance implies the extent to which the cultural members could feel threaten through unexpected situations and ambiguity degree. In case of Muslim culture they have low tolerance in case of risk, ambiguity and uncertainty (Hofstede 1984). Power distance- Power distance implies the extent to which the less powerful institutional members in the company accept that the power is distributed in not equal manner. Its noted that Islamic culture has high power distance, as they have high degree of authority and they project themselves as leader. Masculinity/ Femininity- This dimension implies the dominant role pattern of gender that relates with values and behavior (Hofstede 1984). In case of Islamic culture males prefer that women should be submissive with them, if they are having relation with them. In Islamic culture man holds the conservative attitude towards socio-culture. Differences in gender- Hofstede (1984) mentions, that woman have strong involvement towards purchasing, and in terms of emotional involvement, but men are high over efficiency and quality. In Islamic culture gender matters more in the patterns of consumption. In Islamic culture there are differences in male and female in terms of decisions (Hofstede 1984). 3. Application of Culturally sensitive developments within target community, and specifically in your professional work Differences in culture among the Islamic culture and in my Hindu culture are expressed through the nature of our interpersonal relations (Bin-Sallik 2003). In the case of Islamic clients it becomes challenging to accept their formal distance system among the client and the workers, which is actually the norm of the present situations and it might be that employees might get bended principles (Bin-Sallik 2003). In the case of Islamic culture, it is significant to build the relationship in order to solve the issues (Bin-Sallik 2003). Relationships are also building by the Islamic conception of the trust. Once the clients trust in build on the workers, they offer helping alliance and could even maintain (Bin-Sallik 2003). In the situation when the workers and the clients are of similar gender, the workers should consider the requirements of the clients in order to express the intimacy as well as they should sometime relax the style of formality, which is considered as helping in Hindu culture (Bin-Sallik 2003). When the client and the workers are of different gender, its important that the workers should try to build greater distance than the normal distance in order not to get involved in impropriety of sex (Bin-Sallik 2003). The style of Islamic communication is actually formal, restrained, instead of personal or either expressive (Brach and Fraser 2000). It is also challenging for the Islamic clients to divulge the personal issues as well as feelings towards the one, who is outside from the community (Brach and Fraser 2000). During my working as a civil engineer at multinational company, we have adopted different techniques that are mainly applied in western cultures in order to limit the application towards the Islamic clients (Brach and Fraser 2000). I have noted that effects of client, self disclosure, and self exploration often become challenging, mainly if they perceive the risk, which even damage the honor of family (Brach and Fraser 2000). These challenges need no to be constructed as per the resistance of the client. Its of no surprise that the miscommunication among the workers and the clients are usually unfamiliar with the culture of the clients (Brach and Fraser 2000). I have observed that t he challenges in the deciphering and communication with the clients are usually verbal and nonverbal that could often lead towards errant assessment due to the existence of the symptoms that are bounded by culture, and select the approaches as well as practice technique, which is not appropriate from the cultural perspective of client (Brach and Fraser 2000). 4. Ways to enhance the capacity as a culturally competent development practitioner in this context There are different ways through which I could enhance my capacity of cultural competence in my company while working as civil engineer: 1. Acknowledge the cultural influence- It is important to analyze and understand the people having immersed of their own culture and link the same with the attitudes, beliefs as well as behavior that could help in guiding the professional as well as personal communication (Zborowski 2000). However, it is noted that the human nature is the one that tend towards ethnocentric, which mean believing that our own culture is norm and standards through which we judge others (Zborowski 2000). I have learned that we often forget that the other people from other culture might also be ethnocentric. Therefore, this kind of self awareness is actually critical when the employees work with customers from other cultures (Zborowski 2000). 2. Assess the relations of cross-culture along with concern about the dynamics that result through different culture- Through the interaction between the people from different culture comes with the possibility that the other persons actions are actually not judge properly (Ladyshewsky 1999). Every party comes with certain experiences as well as communication ways while interacting with others (Ladyshewsky 1999). Its important that the workers need to be vigilant for reducing the misinterpretation, perception and judgment about other person (Ladyshewsky 1999). 3. Increase the knowledge about the culture and incorporating the knowledge in day to day practices- If the assumption relates with the professionals who can work in effective ways with other clients from other cultural backgrounds, this enhance the knowledge about the client or either the social cultural clients, this can even improve their bonds (Campinha-Bacote 1999). I have learned that its important that one should seek the information about socio-culture that could support them relatively in modifying the communication like what they should ask and the way it is ask and this can even modify the interventions that are relied over the cultural reality of the person (Campinha-Bacote 1999). I think that professionals should ask the customers about their culture and lifestyle and should try to understand it and they should even indicate about their willingness to learn about their culture (Campinha-Bacote 1999). In this manner, every party interacting with other people could be able to presume the desire to give as well as take the data (Campinha-Bacote 1999). 4. Adapt with the cultural diversity- Professionals should try to develop the examination of cultural sensitivity along with the techniques of intervention, which could permit the customers to feel more comfortable (Bates and Edwards 1998). The workplace environment at the multinational corporation needs to get adapted in order to create the better fit among the requirements of the people and the needs of the staff (Bates and Edwards 1998). It is also significant to remember the cultural competence. Its also important that it should not be abandoned with the own culture along with the members of other culture by considering their values, behavior and attitude (Bates and Edwards 1998). Conclusion The report has discussed about the cultural sensitive development in the targeted culture of Islam. The report has tried to discuss about the challenges faced by the people while working in multinational companies as it includes diversified culture. The concept of cultural sensitive is explained through the help of theories and different ways are suggested for improving the cultural competencies. References Arredondo, P. 1999. Multicultural counseling competencies as tools to address oppression and racism. Journal of Counseling and Development, 77, pp. 102-108. Australian Government: National Health and Medical Research Council. 2006. Cultural competency in health: a guide for policy, partnerships and participation. Canberra: National Health and Medical Research Council. Bates, M. and Edwards, W.T. 1998. Ethnic variations in the chronic pain experience. In: Brown PJ, ed. Understanding and Applying Medical Anthropology. Mayfield Publishing Co. Bin-Sallik, M. 2003. Cultural safety: let's name it! Australian Journal of Indigenous Education, 32, pp. 21-28. Blum-Kulka, S., House, J. and Kasper, G. 1989. Cross-cultural pragmatics: Requests and apologies. Ablex Pub. Brach, C. and Fraser, I. 2000. Can cultural competency reduce racial and ethnic health disparities?: a review and conceptual model. Medical Care Research and Review, 57(1), pp. 181-217. Campinha-Bacote, J. 1999. A model and instrument for addressing cultural competence in health care. Journal of Nursing Education, 38(5), pp. 203-207. Carbaugh, D. 2013. Cultural communication and intercultural contact. Routledge. Davis, L. 2009. Doing culture: Cross-cultural communication in action. Foreign language teaching and research press. Gray, S. J. 1988. Towards a theory of cultural influence on the development of accounting systems internationally. Abacus. Groeschl, S. 2003. Cultural Implications for the Appraisal Process. Cross Cultural Management, An International Journal, 10(1), pp.67 79 Gudykunst, W. B. 2003. Cross-cultural and intercultural communication. Sage. Hofstede, G. 1984. Cultural Dimensions In Management And Planning. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 1, 3-5. Hofstede, G. 1984. Cultures Consequences: International Differences in Work Related Values. London: Sage. Ladyshewsky, R. 1999. Cross-cultural supervision of students. In: Leavitt RL, ed. Cross-Cultural Rehabilitation: An International Perspective. London, England: WB Saunders Co. Lung-Tan, L.L. and Yuan-Ho. 2005. The Effect of Culture on the Management Style and Performance of International Joint Ventures in China: The Perspective of Foreign Parent Firms. International Journal of Management, 1, pp. 1-45 Rogers, E. M. and Shoemaker, F. F. 1971. Communication of Innovations; A Cross-Cultural Approach. Scollon, R., Scollon, S. W. and Jones, R. H. 2011. Intercultural communication: A discourse approach. John Wiley Sons. Ting-Toomey, S. and Chung, L. C. 2012. Understanding intercultural communication. New York: Oxford University Press. Zborowski, M. 2000. Cultural

Assignment on promotion mix free essay sample

Promotion involves disseminating information about a product, product line, brand, or company. It is one of the four key aspects of the marketing mix. (The other three elements are product marketing, pricing, and distribution. ) To generate sales and profits, the benefits of products have to be communicated to customers. In marketing this is commonly known as â€Å"promotions†. It consists of a diverse collection of incentive tools, mostly short term, designed to stimulate quicker or greater purchase of particular products or services by consumers or the trade. From marketing point of view, Promotion informs, persuades, and reminds prospective and current customers and other selected audiences about a company and its products. The most useful brand is failure if no one knows it is available. Promotion Techniques Promoting your business can take different forms. You can promote it online and offline. Promotion is a very important part of every business imaginable. If you don’t promote it, how are customers supposed to know about it? Here are some very effective ways to promote your product or services. We will write a custom essay sample on Assignment on promotion mix or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Specific combination of promotional methods such as print or broadcast advertising, direct marketing, personal selling, point of sale display, merchandising, etc. , used for one product or a family of products. Six main promotion Tactics 1. ADVERTISING 2. SALES PROMOTION 3. PUBLIC RELATIONS 4. PERSONAL SELLING 5. PUBLICITY 6. DIRECT MARKETING The factors that guide a marketer’s decision in selecting a promotion mix are:- Nature of the product market. Overall marketing strategy. Buyer readiness stage. Product life cycle stage. ADVERTISING The means of providing the most persuasive possible selling message to the right prospects at the lowest selling message to the right prospects at the lowest possible cost. Kotler and Armstrong provide an alternative definition:- â€Å"Advertising is any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods and services through mass media such as newspapers, magazines, television or radio by an identifies sponsor†. SALES PROMOTION â€Å"An activity designed to boost the sales of a product or service. It may include an advertising campaign, offering free gifts or trading stamps, arranging demonstrations or exhibitions, setting up competitions with attractive prizes, temporary price reductions, door-to-door calling, telemarketing and personal letters on other methods†. More than any other element of the promotional mix, sales promotion is about â€Å"action†. It is about stimulating customers to buy a product. It is not designed to be informative – a role which advertising is much better suited to. Publicity refers to non-personal communications regarding an organization, product, service, or idea not directly paid for or run under identified sponsorship . it usually comes in the form of news story, editorial, or announcement about an organization and/or its products and services. Techniques used to gain publicity include news releases, press conferences, feature articles, photographs, films, and videotapes. PERSONAL SELLING Personal selling is oral communication with potential buyers of a product with the intention of making a sale. The personal selling may focus initially on developing a relationship with the potential buyer, but will always ultimately end with an attempt to â€Å"close the sale† Personal selling is one of the oldest forms of promotion. It involves the use of a sales force to support a push strategy (encouraging intermediaries to buy the product) or a pull strategy (where the role of the sales force may be limited to supporting retailers and providing after-sales service). PUBLIC RELATIONS â€Å"The planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain goodwill and mutual understanding between an organization and its publics†. Public relations activities include, press releases. Company literature, videos, websites and annual reports. DIRECT MARKETING Direct marketing is concerned with establishing an individual relationship between the business offering a product of service and the final customer. Direct marketing has been defined by the Institute of Direct Marketing as: â€Å"The planned recording, analysis, and tracking of customer behavior to develop a relational marketing strategies†. The process of direct marketing covers a wide range of promotional activities, these include: Direct-response adverts on television and radio Mail order catalogues E-commerce Magazine inserts Direct mail Telemarketing OBJECTIVES FOR PROMOTION BUILD AWARENESS. CREATE INTEREST. PROVIDE INFORMATION. STIMULATE DEMAND. REINFORCE THE BRAND. Marketing Strategy For each target market, management must design a Marketing strategy, which includes the designing of the marketing mix. The Marketing Mix is the combination of multiple aspects of the following four elements: a product, how it is distributed and promoted, and its price. These four elements are intended to please the target market(s) and, equally important organization marketing objectives. The Companys strategy is guided by several fundamental principles. Nestles existing products grow through innovation and renovation while maintaining a balance in geographic activities and product lines. Long-term potential is never sacrificed for short-term performance. The Companys priority is to bring the best and most relevant products to people, wherever they are, whatever their needs, throughout their lives. Nestle is committed to the following Business objectives in all countries, taking into account local legislation, cultural and religious practices: Nestles business objective is to manufacture and market the Companys  products in such a way as to create value that can be sustained over the long term for shareholders, employees, consumers, and business partners. Nestle does not favor short-term profit at the expense of successful long-term business development. Nestle recognizes that its consumers have a sincere and legitimate interest in the behavior, beliefs and actions of the Company behind brands in which they place their trust, and that without its consumers the Company would not exist. Nestle continues to maintain its commitment to follow and respect all applicable local laws in each of its markets. Promotional Mix of NESTLE Nestle is using following methods for promotion: Advertising The Nestle are the broadcast there products (TV and Radio) and print media (newspapers and magazines). The Nestle also uses other advertising vehicles like billboards, T-shirts and, more recently the Internet. Nestle has its own website which is giving the information about the different brand of the company. Nestle is doing the selective demand advertising that is intended to stimulate demand for individual brands. In the advertisement the message is given that, And in recent advertising campaign, their slogan is,†JIYO! Kay yehi hay zindagi†. On billboards the pictures of Nestle kitkat choclate advertisement seems so attractive, especially teenager and child groups that motivates the customer to purchase it. Nestle has the internal advertising department as well as hire the services of the external Media manager assisted by its assistant to devise all campaigns†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Sales Promotion It is demand-stimulating activity designed to supplement advertising. It is paid for by the sponsor and frequently involved a temporary incentive to encourage a sale or purchase. Many sales promotions are directed at consumer. Nestle has designed it in a way to encourage the company’s sales force or other members of the distribution channel to sell products more aggressively. Nestle India limited arranges concerts, trade shows, event sponsorship, in-store displays, and discounts. In Nestle, a separate sales department is working. The function of this department is to taking the sales orders, visiting the market, collecting the customer’s complaints and transferring to the concerned department. They also make sure the availability of their products (Kitkat, Munch, Polo, Milkmaid, Maggi etc. ) to the consumer at right time and at right place. Public relations It encompasses a wide variety of communication efforts to contribute to generally favorable attitudes and opinions toward an organization and its products. Unlike most advertising and personal selling, it does not include specific sales message. The targets may be customers, stockholders, a government agency, or a special-interest group. Public relations can take many forms, including newsletters, annual reports, lobbying, and support of charitable and civic events. Nestle is following all above mentioned public relations forms: The company assists through donations such hospitals and organizations that provide services to the poor and responds to distress calls by the government and NGOs for assistance to victims of flood, earthquake, drought and other natural calamities. The company arrange mil program for undernourished and sick children and mothers through several NGOs and charitable organizations. The company has initiated a tube well and hand pump installation scheme in selected rural areas. It donates computers to schools for disadvantaged children run by NGOs and charitable organizations. To support the spread of education in rural areas, it undertakes Refurbishment Program of Govt. operated primary and middle schools. The Company regularly sponsors sports and cultural events, such as the International Polo Tournament and SAF Games in the recent past. The company gives the extra gifts, calendars and diaries to the employees and customers for public relations. Publicity Publicity is also a promotional method used by the Nestle. Publicity is specific form of public relations that involves news stories about organization or its products. Like advertising, it consists of an impersonal message that reaches a mass audience through the media. But several features distinguish publicity from advertising. The company does not pay for it and it has little or no control over this and it appears as news and therefore has grater credibility than advertising. The company seeks for good publicity and frequently provides the material for it in the form of news releases, press conferences, and photographs. When a picture of a company’s CEO appears on the cover of business publication and it accompanied by a flattering article in the magazine, it is often attributable to the efforts of the firm’s public relations department. Integrated Marketing communication Nestle is using the integrated marketing communication system. In this, company is trying to coordinate all promotional efforts make an effective impact on the customer mind and to deliver a consist message. The Nestle has incorporated several different promotional campaigns. Depending upon the objectives and available funds, it undertakes simultaneous local, regional, national, and international programs. Findings and Recommendations This is competitive world and must never forget that customers have a choice. If they are not satisfied with a Nestle Pure Life, they will switch to another brand. The pursuit of highest quality at any price is no guarantee for success, nor is a single-minded cost-cutting approach. Lasting competitive advantage is gained from a balanced search for optimal value to customers, by simultaneous improvement of quality and reduction cost. Success can never be taken for granted. Nestle must watch and learn from its competitors. If they do something better, Nestle must improve its own performance. Nestle can achieve competitive advantage through Quality. Progress is followed by listening to Nestle customers and by measuring its works performance. Shortcomings and mistakes must be analyzed and corrected. Problems must be anticipated and prevented before they occur. Nestle also must identify and take advantage of opportunities. To stand still is to fall behind. So Nestle must strive for continuous improvement in every area. It is through many small improvements as well as through major breakthroughs that Nestle will achieve excellence. The company is eager to serve consumers at its every possible level, consumer services department is the evidence of such a pursuit from the organization point of view. Presently the company is market leader in its category but it shouldn’t take it as a complacent attitude rather capitalize on its good brand equity and to improve its quality of product to reap not only more profits for the shareholder but also serve the humanity by providing them healthful water which in other way a noble sacred job. The company can fulfill this job by having such a spirit following it religiously by incorporating it all the marketing strategies.

Serial Killers Women and Men Comparison

Serial Killers Women and Men Comparison A serial killer is defined as any person who manages to kill three or more people with enough time intervals between each killing. Most of the time, crimes of men serial killers are heard regularly as they are more horrible than that of women serial killers. As for the men, they do their crimes in a brutal manner and damage the bodies of the victims (Hickey 52). Another reason that make men serial killers to be common than women serial killers is because of the methods they use to kill their victims.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Serial Killers: Women and Men Comparison specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to the profile analysis, 40% of the men’s victims are killed by firearms, 38% are denied some oxygen, and 35% are stubbed the most sensitive body parts, and some small percentages are killed by poisoning or drowning. In addition, most of the men serial killers do not hide or deny their actions, but t hey rather draw some attention with their actions (Hickey 68). The physical counting of the men serial killers victims is very high compare to that of women serial killers. The main difference between women serial killers and men serial killers is that, women try to keep their actions under cover, without drawing any attention. Women serial killers can be referred to as gentle murderers because the methods they use to kill their victims are not brutal. According to the profile analysis, approximately 80% of their victims, women make use of poisoning to kill them. Although they also use some other methods like shooting, suffocating, and drowning, they prefer the silent killing methods. Women serial killers are not known to be violent in most of the time like their counterparts. Men serial killers have been spotted to be violent even to small children, and sexually harassing their victims dead or alive. Men serial killers start by giving their victims some pornographic materials, so a s to make them psychologically prepared before they rape them (Hickey 112). An example of a man serial killer is Jack the Ripper from London. He brutally killed people for three months in 1888 among them five prostitutes. Jack did not hide his actions, as he went to an extent of mutilating and dissecting the bodies of his victims openly. Most of the men serial killers fall under the category of missionary killers who perform their act of killing to some specific groups of people like prostitutes or homosexuals. An example of a women serial killer is Aileen Wuornos who fell under the category of sexual predators. This lady killed seven men in Florida in her duties of prostitution (Hickey 230). She claimed that these men were trying to rape her. Men serial killers are divided into four subdivisions depending on the reasons behind killing such as power seekers, visionaries that involve obeying the source of egos of killing, missionaries whereby, the serial killer claim it’s his responsibility to clean up the society by killing the unwanted personnel according to him.Advertising Looking for essay on criminology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The final type of men serial killers are hedonists, who kills so as to gain power and satisfaction. To some extent both men and women serial killers work as a team either male and male, male and a female, female and a female, or in some cases as family teams. Other examples of men serial killers include John Wayne Gacy who happened to kill 33 people and Ted Bundy who raped several women and killed all of them in Florida. Other female serial killers include Irene Leidolf who murdered 49 patients, in addition to some other three nurses. Mary Ann Cotton murdered more than 20 people by secret. Women serial killers are also divided into five types the most two common types are Black widows and Angels of Death. The black widows women serial killers kill thei r several partners as well as family members, or anybody who has a close relationship with them. On the other hand, angels of death type kill people who are left to take care of them for instance nurses. Other types of women serial killers are revenge killers, sexual predators and contract killers. Both men and women serial killers have causes of their actions. Like discussed above, men mostly become serial killers due to several reasons, but the most important factor is getting rid of a certain group of people from the society (Hickey 302). The psychological effect of hating some group of people may have a great impact to these people. The profile research shows that majority of men serial killers are missionary killers who either concentrate on killing prostitutes, homosexuals or may be a certain tribe of people. That idea of hating a certain group of people may be a great contributor that may require to be addressed. Same to women serial killers, the psychological effects are the most contributors. The issues of finding pleasure and revenging out of killing are unpersuasive. It’s unusual for any normal person to find pleasure in the act of killing, instead humiliations and frustrations are gotten. If any wrong done is revenged by killing that means everyone should be long dead, because everyone in one way or another has done something wrong. Work Cited Hickey, Eric. Serial Murderers and their Victims. New York: Thomson Higher Education, 2006.

How Significant Was Kevin Rudd's Apology to the Stolen Generations Essay - 1

How Significant Was Kevin Rudd's Apology to the Stolen Generations - Essay Example In the history of political speeches in Australia, this held the record for the most emotional speech in many years. The depth of the statement had gone to deep to be assumed to be just a political statement. It also represented social views regarding the ignored states of the indigenous people on Australia (Docker, Curthoys & Peters-Little, 2010). It was also compared to a speech by human rights groups. The apology did not impact only in Australian citizens but it has a global effect in the fight against abuse of human rights. The apology statement moved the population’s perception of the indigenous people. In the past the Australian government had done a lot of harm and injustice towards the indigenous people. The apology statement was intended to mend that wrong by initiating perception change and convincing people that the government will give justice to indigenous people. The main aim of this essay is to analyze the contents and the implication of the apology statement. I t will also provide a perspective on the significance of the apology statement by Kevin Rudd’s Apology to the Stolen Generation. The release of the apology statement had been waited for a long time and anticipated. The speculations started being believed when the children of Torres Strait and other indigenous children were taken away from their parents. This action sparked a nationwide row over the matter. It is at this point when the children were termed as the stolen generation. However, the Australian government insisted that all it did was to expose the children to a more modernized and friendly environment. These claims were not accepted by the human rights groups who still insisted the act was heinous and contradicted the law. It is this argument that led to the establishment of an inquiry to look into the matter. The team was led by Ronald Wilson and Mick Dodson (Beecher, 2009). The inquiry was given the title; the national inquiry into the separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait children from their parents. The findings of this inquiry were founded in a report known as bringing them home report. The report contained the inquires’ recommendation of some charity and just deeds towards the children. Apart from the recommendation, the report shows that one out of three children was taken forcefully away from their parents. In the report tribulations of the children undergo while under the government were highlighted in the report. According to the report many of the children taken to foster home were unhappy with their living conditions. There were also some claims of forced labour imposed upon the children (Kahane, 2009). All these inquiries and speculations were made possible by the speech made by Kevin Rudd. The speech led to the formation of the inquiry, the writing of the report, and the recommendations to solve these issues. According to Rudolf (2009), it was for the first time in history that the indigenous people felt that they wer e being represented and their living conditions noticed to be inhumane. All this developments are attributed to the Prime Minister and his landmark apology statement. As the world celebrated the major step towards the realization of human rights, the immediate Australian government and the rest governments found a critical issue to base their debates on. The political expression made by the apology by the apology statement was very significant in Australia. 11 years prior to the statement in 2008, no government accepted the fact

Sainsbury (in branch level) Organisational diagonis and problem Essay - 1

Sainsbury (in branch level) Organisational diagonis and problem analysis - Essay Example The changes suggested in regard to the firm’s leadership should be more effectively promoted trying to avoid delays in the restructuring of the organization aiming to minimize the risk of potential damages. It seems that through an effective plan of action the firm will be able to stabilize its performance in the British market and seek for further growth. Under the influence of globalisation, firms in all industries have to continuously update their practices in order to secure their position either locally or internationally. In certain sectors, competition is extremely high, especially when firms of similar characteristics are involved. The UK supermarket industry is an indicative example. When trying to develop their organizational plans, the firms that operate in the particular industry have to face a series of challenges and barriers. Current paper focuses on the review of Sainsbury’s organizational structure and practices. Efforts are made so that the firm’s organizational problems are diagnosed; among them, one is chosen and is further analysed and evaluated. Also, recommendations are made so that the specific problem to be eliminated or, if the above target is not feasible, just to be effectively controlled. In this context, a series of change intervention methods are presented and appropriately justified, aimin g to support the improvement of the organizational performance, as expected to result from the limitation or the elimination of the firm’s key organizational problem. The research over the organizational structure and performance of Sainsbury’s is based on appropriate documentary evidence, which includes material of the following kind: books published in the academic literature, articles published by organizations focusing on financial evaluation (e.g. Bloomberg), articles of newspapers and non-governmental

Discipline in Schools Essay Example for Free

Discipline in Schools Essay A majority of us have families with children various ages, and the title of this article caught my eye for the simple fact I have teenage kids in school that have previously been assigned in-school suspension for minor disciplinary acts such as being tardy or turning in incomplete assignments. Working adults and parents are the primary targets of this particular article which sparks my personal interest towards this issue. I felt the author of this article gave a somewhat neutral observation of this topic, giving both sides of the story in a calm yet quite informative tone. He listed infractions that resulted in suspensions as well as different types of suspension outcomes. It’s important to note that suspending a student for being disruptive in class and suspending a student for fighting should be handled differently however both instances should require the students to continue working on their curriculum. With references from other educators as well as reports from the US Department of Education I would have to say that the contents of this article appear to be creditable. Results from out of school suspensions prove to be doing more harm than good, leaving students at home unsupervised with a couple days off with no curriculum to work on verses the alternative of requiring students to attend on the weekends seems to be a better solution, however funding for weekend programs is a separate issue. The authors intend of this article is to inform and acknowledge new alternatives need to be explored when it comes to disciplinary actions such as suspensions. Additional resources will have to be implemented, academic and financial. Overall I thought this to be a particularly interesting and informative article.

Periodical Review Of Human Com :: essays research papers

This is a review of Human Communications Research (HCR) journal. It is published quarterly beginning in September (Fall) and ending in June (Summer). The review being done is on Volume 22, which extends from September 1995 to June 1996. The journal takes a behavioral science perspective in its research of human communications. Research areas include Interpersonal, organizational, mass communication, methodology, information systems and persuasion. HCR is a periodical that recognizes that the world is constantly evolving and that communications research must do the same in order to develop a more clear understanding of the important issues and situational demands that are at hand. In maintaining this approach, HCR focuses on exploring new research areas as well as taking a more theoretical approach. They are also trying to acknowledge more international research studies. Methodologically speaking, they seem to remain open to possibilities and try to promote discussion through their ac ceptance of articles. The new senior editor Cindy Gallois, in her editorial best describes the general direction and intent of HCR. One of the main goals is to encourage diversity so that HCR will have something of interest for every reader. She also says that HCR is moving with a general trend that is away from the databased research studies towards more theory-based research and rigorous interpretations of results. Although they are trying to increase the variety of topics, they are still maintaining a behavioral science approach to communications. Gallois also welcomes the expansion of methods on research and is a firm believer in the idea that a good researcher is one that is capable of choosing the approach and methodology that best fit the research question. It is also her belief that HCR will develop more of an international flavor because the present volume marks the first time it has been edited by a non-U.S. resident. This will allow for a greater recognition of the active communication research studies being done in many countries. Upon review of articles in HCR, I found quite few having similar topics. These included: Communication in the workplace, persuasion, deception, and communication support systems. These topics all deal with important aspects of human communication and are consistent with what is trying to be achieved by HCR. The intent of this journal is to improve human communication in areas that it would be widely useful consistent with the changing world. By researching different perspectives of issues, HCR hopes to get a better understanding of what the obstacles have previously been in order to try and improve communication relationships.

Self-reliance: Transcendentalism and Emerson

â€Å"Self-Reliance† Juny Bernadin AML2000 12-Week 2 Professor Andrew Smith October 29, 2011 Thesis Statement ‘Self-Reliance' has its value in its boldness, its construction, and mature attitudes toward evenness and letdown. In addition, Emerson's confident logic seems impregnable. To Emerson, not only is self-doubt absolutely out of the question, but it is a virtue to believe that everyone believes as you do. He writes that there is no value in life but personal principles and goals, and that society is irrelevant. â€Å"Self-Reliance† â€Å"Self-Reliance,† by Ralph Waldo Emerson, is a persuasive essay promoting the ways of inspirational views. He uses this essay to advance a major point using a structure that helps his argument. In Emerson's essay, he begins his concluding thoughts with a statement that greater â€Å"self-reliance† and brings a revolution. He then applies this idea to society and all of its aspects, including religion, education, and art. This brings Emerson to a new, more precise focus on how societies never advance; rather it recedes on one side. This shocking, yet intriguing, idea supports and increases the uses of tone, image, example, and the consequence of ignoring his opinion. The result is an accumulation of ideas into the major points that, â€Å"Nothing can bring you peace but you. Nothing can bring you peace but the triumph of principles. † With the major points and devices used by Emerson defined, it is now possible to examine in greater detail how he persuades the reader, starting with the use of tone. The use of word choice, sentence length, and structure, as well as many other factors set the tone of this paper. The result is a paper that has a provocative tone. A paper written in this authoritative style is helpful in his affiliation. It pulls the reader into the author’s ideas, making them your own. The tone of the paper allows descriptions to be extremely powerful in promoting Emerson’s ideas. The descriptions are numerous throughout the paper and there is a deep-seated one towards the end of the essay that really helps to shape it. â€Å"Society is a wave. The wave move onward, but the water of which it is composed does not. † The clear metaphor of society to the wave and the particles of water to the people distinctively demonstrate Emerson’s idea the society never advances. If a man is not self-confident and is unable to share himself with others, as people die so too does their experience. Nevertheless, the ability to be self-reliant eliminates this loss of experience. Although this metaphor is strong enough on its own to provide all of the support necessary for the idea that society never advances, Emerson adds to it and his other ideas with examples. The first examples used to support the lack of progression of society. The â€Å"civilized† man of the Americas and Europe compared to the â€Å"savages† of New Zealand. It is here that Emerson brings into question the digression in physical strength of men as he makes â€Å"advances. † These advances do just as much harm as good, making man lazy and indolent. Other areas that Emerson scrutinizes are the loss of skills that only years ago were essential, such as the ability to tell time by the sun, and the loss of attention to detail. With Emerson’s ideas clearly imbedded in our mind, and added by his style of inductive writing, he uses the consequences of ignoring him as the final blow in this battle to persuade. Although no consequence is clearly define, Emerson has made it more than clear what will happen if people do not become more individualistic. Society will stay as it is, no matter how many technological advances made. This fear of being no better nor advanced than previous eras is the most powerful motivator for change of all. Emerson’s challenge not to rely on fortune, rather to make things happen for you is exactly what he want it to be, motivational and persuasive. Conclusion In conclusion, the promotion of transcendentalism in Emerson’s essay â€Å"Self-Reliance† is the promotion of a way of better living according to Emerson. The structural support of self-reliance in â€Å"Self-Reliance† through tone, image, example, and the consequence of ignoring Emerson’s opinion achieves the goal of persuasion. This produces the final result of a vote for independence, telling, â€Å"Nothing can bring you peace but yourself. Nothing can bring you peace but the triumph of principles. † The promise of the transcendentalist of personal peace with the achievement of self-reliance would be nothing more than an outlandish idea without Emerson’s ability to structure and support his idea. Reference 1. AML2000 12 â€Å"Self-Reliance† by Ralph Waldo Emerson, Page 29 222, Oct 2011 2. AML2000 12 â€Å"Self-Reliance† by Ralph Waldo Emerson, Page 223, 29 Oct 2011

Gender Stereotypes Advertising Makes Sense Financially...

The purpose of this research paper is to prove that using gender stereotypes in advertising makes sense financially for those advertising. It argues that by using stereotypical examples of the â€Å"in group† of it’s target audience the goal of the advertisement will more likely be achieved. This paper addresses but does not dispute the idea that using stereotypes in advertising can have negative effects on its audience. However if selling an idea or product is the end goal it makes sense to present the ideal situation to whomever your target is. Today I turned on the TV, flipped through channels until I found ESPN then sat down and turned into a blob. A couple minutes went by and I saw a cialis commercial. It started off with this really handsome middle aged man putting on the golf course at what looked like a warm weather resort. The crazy thing was this guy wasn’t with his buddies; he was with his gorgeous wife who was noticeably younger than him. 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