Wright Brothers Essays - Wright Brothers, Glider Aircraft

Wright Brothers Bishop Milton Wright and Susan Catharine Wright had four sons, Reuchlin, Lorin, Wilbur, and Orville, and one daughter Katharine. Little did Susan Wright know that she had given birth to one of the world's most famous inventive partnerships. Wilbur was born on April 16, 1867, near Millville, Indiana. Orville was born 4 years later on August 19, 1871, in the families newly built home at 7 Hawthorn Street in Dayton, Ohio. A minister in the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, Milton Wright moved his family to Dayton so he could edit the church newspaper published there. The Wrights stayed in Dayton until 1878, when Milton was elected bishop and moved the family to Iowa. In 1885, they returned to the house at 7 Hawthorn Street. As the boys grew older, their parents encouraged them to pursue intellectual interests. They had two libraries in their house; books on theology were kept in the bishop's study, while the downstairs library had a large and diverse collection. This kept them always reading and learning while they were not at school. Although their dad was a firm disciplinarian, both parents were loving and kept the family a close one. Every once and awhile, Milton would bring them various souvenirs and trinkets he found during his travels for the church. One such trinket, a toy helicopter-like top, sparked the boys' interest in flying. Wilbur's skating accident and his mother's illness and subsequent death kept him from attending college. Orville was on the other hand, was an average student, known for his mischievous behavior. He quit school before his senior year to start a printing business with his brother. The first time Wilbur and Orville referred to themselves, as "The Wright Brothers" was when they started their own printing firm at the ages of 22 and 18. Using a damaged tombstone and buggy parts, they built a press and printed their own newspaper. In 1892, the brothers bought bicycles. They began repairing bicycles for friends, and then started their own repair business. They opened up a bicycle shop in 1893, and three years later, made their own bicycles called Van Cleves and St. Clairs. While caring for Orville, who was sick with typhoid in 1896, Wilbur read about two events; the death in a flying accident of Otto Lilienthal, the celebrated German experimenter with gliders, and the successful launching of powered models by Samuel Langley. This struck Wilbur with excitement. The Wright's serious work in aeronautics began in 1899 when Wilbur wrote to the Smithsonian Institution for information on aeronautical research. Within a few months after writing to the Smithsonian, Wilbur had read all that was written about flying. He then defined the elements of a flying machine: wings to provide lift, a power source for propulsion, and a system of control. Wilbur alone recognized the need to control a flying machine in its three axes of motion: pitch, roll, and yaw. They quickly developed their own theories, and for the next four years devoted themselves to the goal of human flight. In August of 1900, Wilbur built his first glider. They sought an arrangement where practice would be easy. Wilbur wanted to build a 150-foot tower with a pulley at the top. A rope, attached to the glider, would pass over the pulley and be tied to a counterweight, supporting part of the weight of the craft. Wilbur believed this arrangement would permit the pilot to practice the skills needed to fly even if the craft was not yet fully airworthy. The brothers friend, Octave Chanute, wisely recommended against this course of action, instead encouraging the brothers to find a place with lots of sand and strong winds, to minimize the effort in moving the glider from the point of landing back to the point of takeoff. Wilbur then contacted the U.S. Weather Bureau for information on windy regions of the country. He chose a remote sandy area off the coast of North Carolina named Kitty Hawk where there would be no fanfare or no media. The winds averaged 13 M.P.H. and were good speeds for testing. Wilbur arrived in Kitty Hawk on September 13, 1900, while Orville followed on September 27. The two brothers

Cardiac Pacemakers Essays - Cardiac Arrhythmia, Free Essays

Cardiac Pacemakers Essays - Cardiac Arrhythmia, Free Essays Cardiac Pacemakers CARDIAC PACEMAKERS The heart is bestowed with a specialized system that automatically generates rhythmic control via the sinus node, located in the superior lateral wall of the right atrium near the opening of the superior vena cava. The specialized pacemaker cells dictate control of the rest of the heart through regular electrical impulses that propagate from the right atria to the lower ventricles. The rapid conduction of these impulses cause the muscle cells of the atria to contract and squeeze blood into the ventricles, which contract and force blood into the aorta and pulmonary arteries. Abnormalities of the heart rhythm, called arrhythmias, can disrupt this normal cardiac control making it necessary to use some artificial means to regulate the rhythm of the heart. Today, some half a million men and women, most of them over the age of sixty, carry implanted cardiac pacemakers that take over the duties of the natural conduction system. Tens of thousands of these devices are implanted each year in t his country alone. Over the past thirty years cardiac pacemakers have evolved from simple devices only capable of fixed-rate stimulation of a single chamber of the heart to more sophisticated implanted computers that medical personnel can interrogate and reprogram from outside the patient's body. These refinements have allowed for more physiologic pacing with maintenance of atrioventricular synchrony and cardiac output. There are various types of cardiac pacemakers available today that can be surgically implanted to treat specific arrhythmic disorders in the heart. Abnormal rhythms in the heart are one of the most frequent causes of heart malfunction, and in most cases necessitate some type of cardiac pacing unit. Cardiac arrhythmias are common in the elderly, in who age-related physiologic changes often alter the conduction system of the heart. Such changes may remain asymptomatic, or they may progress to syncope, or possibly sudden death. In the event of acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmias are no more frequent in the elderly than in younger subjects; in fact, ventricular premature beats are seen less commonly in patients aged seventy years and older. Age is also not a factor in determining the success of resuscitation from cardiac arrest, although it may be a predictor of six-month survival. In general, there is nothing unique about arrhythmias in the elderly. All of the commonly encountered arrhythmias may be seen in older patients. Arrhythmias may occur in otherwise normal hearts, but with increasing age, associated cardiac disease becomes more likely. A possible exception is atrial flutter; in younger patients, its presence almost always indicates a serious cardiac disorder. There are two indications for antiarrhythmic therapy: relief of symptoms and prevention of more malignant arrhythmias. In elderly patients, pacemakers are the preferred treatment for Brady arrhythmias. Most arrhythmias occur in response to the aging heart. In the sinoatrial node, the number of pacemaker cells decreases, until often less than 10% of the normal complement remains after age 75. Beginning at age 60, there is a detectable loss of fiber from the fascicles of the left bundle branch. Commonly, less than one-half the original number remain, the others having been replaced by fibrous tissue. Micro calcification is often found in this region, and can be related to both age-associated change and pathologic processes. There is also some fibrous tissue replacement of conduction fibers in the distal conduction system, as well as occurrences of fibrosis and hyalinization in the media of the blood vessels supplying the conduction tissue. Any of these age related processes can lead to a disrupted rhythmic and conduction system of the heart. One type of arrhythmia, bradycardia, normally necessitates the surgical implantation of a pacemaker device. Bradycardia is a circulatory condition in which the myocardium contracts steadily but at a rate of less than sixty contractions a minute. This condition may be normal in some physically fit people, where their pulse may be quite slow. This is because an athlete's heart is considerably stronger and is capable of pumping a larger volume of blood per heartbeat than someone who is less physically active. However, in other people, cardiac output is decreased which can cause faintness, dizziness, chest pain, and eventually syncope and cir culatory collapse. The cause of bradycardia can be an increase in the parasympathetic nervous

Network Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Network Management - Essay Example Network management tools can also help in providing security to the systems. A network management tool known as "The Multi Router Traffic Grapher" is used to monitor the traffic load on all the network links. Emails are also monitored to delete spam and virus-infected emails at server itself and also to ensure that attachments are not too heavy to clog the rest of the system. Another network management tool "Nagios", which is a network and server monitoring system is also used. Nagios helps monitor network services, processor load, system logs, disk usage, etc. and is capable of providing email and SMS notifications as well. Nagios also allows proactively resolving problems by defining event handlers. To summarize, network management tools can help a network manager understand when any component of the network is about to fail or has already failed, or whose security has been compromised (e.g. through a viral attack), when the traffic has reached its peak, and most importantly, to know that everything is working fine. Structure of Management Information (SMI) is a component that is used in network management and provides the rules required in network management. It is based on object definition language known as Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) and operates in Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). It "defines the general rules for naming objects, defining object types (including range and length), and showing how to encode objects and values" (Yang, n.d.). However, SMI does not define the number of objects that an entity should manage. It also does not define the names of the objects that are to be managed. Also, it does not define the how the objects and their corresponding values will be associated. A managed object has the following three attributes: a. Name: The name of the object known as the object identifier (OID) is used to uniquely define a managed object. There is no restriction on the type of name - it can be human readable or it could be numeric like an IP address. The naming convention of these managed objects is based on the ASN.1 naming scheme as mentioned earlier, which is hierarchical in nature. So an object identifier is made up of a series of integers separated by dots. These series is based on the nodes in the tree and is hierarchical. The figure below shows an example of an object identifier. As can be seen from the figure, the management branch (i.e. mgmt in the figure) defines a standard set of internet management objects (hierarchically above mgmt) and is named as iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt or 1.3.6.1.2. b. Type and syntax: ASN.1 is machine, OS and language independent method for describing data types and rules that define how data will be transmitted over the network. The data-types are described in brief below: Type Size Description INTEGER 4 bytes An integer with a value between -231 and 231 - 1 Integer32 4 bytes Same as INTEGER Unsigned32 4 bytes Unsigned with a value between 0 and 232 - 1 OCTET STRING Variable Byte-string up to 65,535 bytes long OBJECT IDENTIFIER Variable An object identifier IPAddress 4 bytes An IP address made of four integers Counter32 4 bytes An integer whose value can be incremented from zero to 232; when it reaches its maximum value it wraps back to zero Counter64 8 bytes 64-bit counter Gauge32 4

Impacts of Roman Civilization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Impacts of Roman Civilization - Essay Example Meanwhile, Roman law created the division between open law, whereby the state is straightforwardly included, for example, with issues of treachery and assessment as well as private law that is directed to the debate between individuals, for example, over contracts (Lord, 13-17). This framework was the support for what is currently referred to civil law that governed the West. Roman law likewise impacted the improvement of private worldwide law. Romans had arraignments and jury trials, like today's practices. Numerous guard procedures at present utilized can likewise be followed over to Roman techniques. The thought of "blameless until demonstrated blameworthy," which emphasizes United States immoral equity framework, it is believed to have originated from aged Roman plans. Likewise, the reason for composed law as an approach to secure people from each one in turn and from the state force is an intrinsically Roman thought. Writing is an alternate region where Roman impact is outstandi ng. Roman writers took after the renowned Greek writers, frequently creating and expanding upon Greek composing. Numerous journalists have been affected by Romans, Shakespeare being among these curtails. Roman Art has additionally affected today’s social order (Cline, 23-27). Specifically, utilization of prevailing images of Emperors on the nation coins and models was an intrinsically Roman thought Roman impacts in advanced social order can additionally be seen in framework frameworks. Roman ways utilized three levels of substructure underneath the clearing stones, and an endorsed plot to inspire the inside way, permitting rainwater to empty off. They utilized numbered signposts each Roman mile, which demonstrated such things as the separation of the following town and which development unit had manufactured the way. They additionally had far reaching systems of underground lead channel, supplying  clean water.  

The Insider Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Insider - Movie Review Example Bergman attempts to persuade Wigand to feel free to share the knowledge about the secrets of the tobacco industry. Eventually, Wigand trusts Bergman and Mike Wallace interview him while risking arrest for contempt of court. Wigand has to ensure he maintains his crumbling family life amid glaring lawsuits, as well as, death threats. The CEOs of the Big Tobacco might get away with perjury after compromising Bergman. The Insider is a breathtaking film that elicits feelings of shock as the top management attempt to compromise the secrets of the industry, which have direct effects on the health of the public. The film covers a primary public health issue that relates to the corporate power and tobacco, hazardous product. The film features the critical design and composition of the tobacco that depicts the less concern of the tobacco industry about the harmful elements in the product (Mann). The company is unwilling to recall the product after the tobacco poses a health risk to the public. The investigative journalism has played an enormous role in exposing the threats that the tobacco industry poses to the public by failing to ensure the products are safe for the human consumption. Such a failure is a serious health risk, and tobacco industry should not compromise the standard of the

The Mtc Touch Mission Marketing Essay

The Mtc Touch Mission Marketing Essay MTC touch is one of two mobile operators in Lebanon currently with more than 2 million subscribers. Since 2002 the mobile telecom sector is owned by the government and operated by 3rd party firms, thus MTC Touch is no anomaly, it is owned by the government and managed by Zain Group. As for competition MTC Touch is competing with its Rival Alfa the second mobile operator. MTC Touch mission Clearly defined missions can be managed better, to help assess MTC Touch business mission we will follow the four main points: Purpose, Strategy, Behaviors and Value (Campel Yueng, 1991) Purpose MTC Touch is committed to excellence and clearly states that Enhancing peoples lifestyle is one of its top missions through application and maintenance of Quality management system that is ISO compliant (Touch, n.d.) Strategy MTC Touch is embracing every opportunity to improve and optimize its products and services and be an active contributor to the community (Touch, n.d.) Behavior Standards MTC Touch is betting on its high level of professionalism and internal coordination by providing a special place to work (Touch, n.d.) Value MTC Touch believes in adding value to its Stakeholders and its customers through continuous innovation, performance and quality MTC Touch Marketing Lebanon was notorious for its slow internet, In Late 2011 MTC Touch launched its 3.9G network and offered five new data packages, ranging from 10$ to 99$, and three new blackberry services, ranging from 1.5$ to 4.5$ a week, urged by market forces to develop variety of marketing mixes (Borden, 1964) . Market Orientation MTC Touch operates domestically in a Business to Consumer marketing fashion; it is worth looking at the Market Orientation and its evolution within MTC Touch, and assess the main components: customer orientation, competitor orientation and inter functional coordination (Stanley Narver, 1994). To accommodate to its customer value chain which is evolving with time and to create superior value for its customers MTC Touch was urged to continuously improve current services and launch new services. By knowing its rival Alfa short-term weakness, which was in the process of launching 3G, and with the launch of more advanced and latest 3.9G technology, MTC Touch demonstrated well developed competitor orientation practices. MTC Touch knew that for successful release of the new products they have to build a swat team to coordinate internally which demonstrated strong focus on inter-functional coordination demonstrated by the launch of its products in sync with network upgrade, marketing campaign and distribution facilities. It is clear that the market orientation is serving the global strategy goal declared in MTC touch mission, This gives us how close to the customer they aim to be and how effective they are in responding to market changes (Baines, et al., 2011). Effective marketing strategy requires homogeneous segmentation of market in response to market heterogeneity, understanding the needs and providing the right products (Baker Hart, 2008). The following illustrates the segmentation and different factors known as the marketing environment affecting the MTC Touch marketing mix. The Marketing Environment Factors that affect the marketing mix are known as the marketing forces, this section will shed the light on those factors that affected MTC Touch marketing mix, in a differentiated marketing approach. The Socio-cultural environment pushed MTC Touch to release variety of products for business users, teenagers, light and heavy users, as failing to adapt to such changes through changes in products mix will ultimately have bad impact on companies (Baines, et al., 2011) , it is always good to understand the variation in income in individuals life time and its influence on buying trends (MarketingTeam, n.d.). The economical environment which has direct impact on consumer behaviors (Borden, 1964) where it identifies how much people can spend buying products, urged MTC Touch to release products at different prices. The Technological environment which is shifting more towards mail and web based marketing in current technology evolution era (Sclater, 2005) was demonstrated through MTC Touch advertisements utilizing Facebook, websites, tweeter and YouTube. The Legal and governmental environment in Lebanon of which companies have to follow strict regulations over pricing, promotions and advertising (Borden, 1964), The Dilemma here was to attack rivals network and products given that direct comparison is banned. The industrial environment represented by realizing the size, strength, motivations and attitudes of direct competitor (Borden, 1964) ,which is ALFA this case, as a result MTC touch rushed to upgrade its network and responded to the pressure of booming Smartphones and the incredibly data hungry applications to satisfy its customers. The Ecological environment puts more pressure caused by Government and MTC Touch being committed to be eco-friendly, as consumers are becoming more worried about the impact of products on the environment (Baines, et al., 2011);MTC touch green success comes in the form of replacing obsolete generators and use eco friendly ones to reduce pollution and also demonstrated by the launch of several green services such as ATM recharge, online recharge, credit transfer, bill e-pay and online provisioning (Touch, n.d.). Apart from external factors listed above another forces affected the marketing mix which are related to consumer behaviors. The consumer behavior factors of which we consider, the individual part where customers are in need for high speed internet to stay connected to work and social hubs in a world of smartphones, Roamers are in need and looking for high speed internet services that match with to their home countries, MTC Touch was missing huge amount of unidentified revenue, the sociological part presented through the influence of other consumers either friends or family members that are already aware of such products such as inbound Roamers (Baker Hart, 2008) Segmentation This section will examine the segmentation procedures used by MTC Touch which were based on profile, behavioral and psychological criteria, good segmentation identify the groups that are worth looking at, the underserved and the dissatisfied (Yankelovich Meer, 2006). Behavioral based on consumers usage of mobile internet, social, functionality and people being so attracted to technology Profile based on demographics such as age, income, occupation and education Psychological based on consumers interest, personality and their lifestyles. MTC Touch launched products targeting roamers and extensive consumption customers as marketing today is becoming more focused on smaller but profitable segments in a way to be more efficient and effective (Duncan, 2002). The Marketing Mix Marketing is a key management discipline (Marketing, n.d.) In which MTC Touch considers it as a philosophy for reaching new customers by offering different marketing mix to different segments, and to be a successful one it should have the four rights: product, place, time and price (Marketing, n.d.). Product Through this product mix offerings MTC Touch tried to enhance customer perception by maximizing the customer benefit of their offerings (Borden, 1964) , they were able to reach new business segment through their blackberry products, this launch was coupled with several intangible services such as Credit Transfer, online provisioning and free mobile app to manage and monitor usage Price By launching different products, MTC touch tried to target different market segments business and personal, they even launched same product in different prices but different consumption cap, which enabled them to reach both low and high income market segments. Promotion To promote their new products, MTC Touch covered different aspects advertisement, PR and branding where it made use of TV, Radio, website, creating weekly episodes to maintain online hype and interaction and billboards (Lynx, 2012).in conjunction with the launch MTC Touch had plenty of offers such as free prepaid to postpaid switch, Free night data usage, 40% discount on night voice calls and all day on Sunday. The Bati2 campaign, in English (too slow), won the first prize in Dubai international advertisement festival, MTC Touch challenge due to regulations was to communicate to customers that the new 3.9G network is faster than the rivals 3G network and the solution was speedy and amigo with a mission to find anything faster than 3.9G. Results were instantaneous, Bati2 was everywhere in tweets, jokes, comments on sports, politics and the latest news, on facebook, it was even on popular TV programs. As a result MTC Touch added over 200 000 new subscriptions within 6 weeks (Lynx, 2012) Place MTC Touch reaches everyone anywhere, recharge cards available in MTC Touch retail stores, market Shops, Fuel Stations, Mobile outlets, online charging is also another option, ATM recharge and even Credit transfer between MTC Touch customers. Packaging Aligning their branding strategy with packaging, MTC Touch stresses on the High Speed message, all recharge cards comes out with Speedy and Amigo on the cover People MTC Touch fell short in this area, They didnt have the competitive edge in both presales and post sales support, appropriate training was not provided for call center employees, there is no process defined for submitting a support ticket, The Retail employees dont have enough information about the released products and were not a help to customers to best select the product that fits Evolution of influencing Forces We are living in a dynamic world with continuous changes of behaviors, of which the successful firm has to adapt to those changes and shall predict consumers and competitors responses to its products, a firm that is always seeking opportunities and creating them, a firm that has foresight and observing market signals whether they are natural, economical, social, industrial or technological (Borden, 1964). The marketing mix is nothing but a solution to a problem at a given time and should never be constant or fixed, markets evolve and become more challenging, marketing mix should be as well in continuous motion responding to markets, to consumers, to competitors and to other external forces (Borden, 1964). MTC Touch and influencing Forces The economical factor; Lebanon is passing through difficult times and the mobile rates are still highest if compared to the region despite the current reduction in prices. Further reduction in prices may be faced with legal constraints from the government. The Technological factor; in the era of social media where people posting their bad perception of products online and in reach of everyone, The Legal, governmental and political factor; changing prices is limited by government, political issues continue to evolve in Lebanon and the whole region which will have impact as Leading political parties will always aim to have more control on the telecommunication sector through changing the management team , thus impacting the whole firm strategy. The government is planning to release a third license in Lebanon ,as a result this will redistribute the market share, another negative note would be low prices offered by the new entrant as it will be given a grace period in terms of offers and prices. The industrial factor; Telecom sector is dynamically evolving and todays technology could be obsolete by tomorrow, MTC Touch rival is in plan to upgrade their network to 3.9G by then MTC Touch will lose their technological edge, Data usage is surging due to the introduction of smartphones. Consumer behaviors are rapidly changing, high speed internet and being socially connected is becoming more a need not a demand, and Consumers are looking for services that fit their needs. Response to Changes MTC Touch should always be creative and innovative in terms of developing and adjusting its marketing mix, should follow the trend and respond to its customers by always being up-to-date in terms of technologies and offered products, should always target the underserved consumers by offering new products or by adapting its current marketing mix. MTC Touch should have more focus on Relationship marketing with consumers and distributors to increase their sense of loyalty, to engage consumers in developing or adjusting products; more focus on integrated marketing through communicating with consumers, try to answer their questions, get their feedback; more focus on Internal marketing through aligning the vision with stakeholders and employees, giving them sense of involvement. Marketing Research Marketing research is the process of gathering, analyzing and communicating information to provide the business with insight to assist taking marketing decision for future activities to successfully satisfy consumers through understanding their needs, motivations and ambitions (Baines, et al., 2011). Marketing research methodology process consists of different stages with a continuous feedback loops to help go back and assess work done or take corrective actions (MarketingTeam, n.d.). The process starts with defining a problem or an opportunity where the precise definition will aid shaping the market research objectives through better understanding of the needed information. Possible triggers are market conditions, competitor actions, market share or consumer behaviors. Research Approach development, decides how to proceed with the activities, what data is needed and how to collect it, how to coordinate internally or with the researcher to make the research more comprehensive. Research design development, selects the research method to be followed whether it is descriptive, exploratory or casual research, this stage also decides the selection of research agency, whether to go in-house or outsource. Data Collection and sampling, Data sources can be secondary or primary data and will be collected based on selected research method, this may include observational, Qualitative or Quantitative method, while Survey Methods can take any of the following forms: by telephone, interviews or by email (Malhotra Peterson, 2001). Analysis and presentation, analysis will be performed Depending on the nature of collected data and collection method used (Baines, et al., 2011) Reporting, this step is as important as the whole process as it is the communication method to convey the research message in a well interpreted and understandable format to decision taking people. Market Research in MTC Touch Marketing research in MTC Touch is triggered either by identifying a problem or an opportunity. MTC Touch utilizes two sources for marketing research activities, Internal marketing department or consultancy research Agents depending on the identified issue. Outsourced activities fall under the research agency responsibility with MTC Touch being a support. Case Study 1: Mobile market penetration is low (53%) MTC Touch in collaboration with Lebanese ministry of telecommunications (MoT) which is the owner of the telecom sector in Lebanon noticed that the market penetration is as low as 53 % end of 2008; they triggered a marketing research to address the problem and identify possible solutions (TRA, n.d.). Problem: Mobile market penetration is low at 53%, while neighboring countries are enjoying 100+% mobile penetrations Research Findings: The research aimed at understanding the behaviors of customers, the market structure, challenges and drivers. The research covered different categories such as mobile, internet and data. The main purpose was to shed light on issues such as penetration, usage habits, improvements and needs. Research was conducted by a consultancy market research firm which included surveys in face to face meetings and interviews fashion, with residential customers, corporate customers in a way to cover representative quotas for age, gender and socio-economic classes and different business sectors covering all Lebanese counties, also concluded interviews with providers covering topics like: objectives, plans, service offerings and regulatory implications. The data collected showed that 47% of the target group is non-mobile users and the reasons were either they dont need a mobile, evident among old people (55-64), or because of expensive call rates. Other issues were highlighted such as the short validity of prepaid cards, Very low awareness of value added services and calling rates among customers. As for areas of improvement the results came as follows, 89% of respondents were willing for reduction in costs whilst 43% for better service (TRA, n.d.). Main problem was related to product, price, promotion and customer satisfaction. Recommendations and Actions: Focusing on the research finding and recommendations, MoT in collaboration with MTC Touch decided to undertake a 40% discount on all calls in offpeak hours, introduced new prepaid cards at new rates and different validity time where cost of ownership is 55% cheaper and new packages are 27% cheaper than active packages, new recharge vouchers at different validity time, new SIM cards and codes, New postpaid cards at new rates up to 36% discount on local calls and 20% on local sms, discounted rates on international sms and calls up to 20%.Introduce new friends family plans at a 40% discount for two selected numbers. Apart from above recommendations, the research mentioned several service improvements and customer satisfaction recommendations. Things like permitting subscribers to recharge during validity period, Provide extensive training to employees, Point of Sale (PoS) and customer care centers to support new offerings, Enhance distribution agreements to expedite promotion of new offerings and launch marketing campaign to raise customers awareness for all new products. Results: Post execution results as of December 2011; shared by MoT and MTC Touch, showed tremendous success, a 28% increase in mobile penetration, increase in revenues as reported by ministry of telecommunication and increase in customer satisfaction, mtc touch maintained its leadership position at 59% market share. Analysis: The case study illustrates marketing research approach with MTC Touch and how it influence decisions related to marketing mix for new offerings. The study shows that the problem was related to Product, Price and promotion in specific, communication and awareness. The research started by defining the problem and then selecting best approach to tackle it and prepare the right mix. It gives evidence that a well designed market research addressing root cause of the problem will achieve splendid results; it shows how the segmentation of the problem helped to tackle it in different ways. Market Research Improvement The technology evolution and the globalization of markets introduced firms to new markets and new ways of conducting market research, information being available and in reach of customers urges the management to the need of hearing consumers, better understand their needs, ambitions and behaviors, thus marketing research became the mean to link management and consumers (Malhotra Peterson, 2001). Technology enhanced the effectiveness and efficiency of market research and led to increase dependency on it, The availability of huge data warehousing enhanced it through computer assisted techniques, The availability of industry and government research reports made it much easier to acquire information, The ability to save huge number of transactions increased the accuracy and The availability of internet and its nature being available to everyone and the amount of information reachable made execution faster, easier and at lower costs. (Malhotra Peterson, 2001) To improve its Market research and marketing mix, MTC Touch should be more active in the social media domain, as social sites such as Facebook, YouTube and Twitter are available to everyone, MTC Touch should listen to what customers say, understand their needs and behaviors and perceive feedback on its new products. MTC Touch should be more involved in analytical analysis methods, as Data often lends itself to statistical analyses to extract as much information as possible (Emblemsvà ¥g, 2005). The huge amount of data they possess including customers usage records, network trends and customer behaviors, the amount of tools they have to monitor customer experience and network performance, All this can play an important role in engaging customers passively in their market research, can help them understand the effect of all factors on the marketing mix and measure its efficiency to help model new marketing mix. They can use such data to find patterns, behaviors and correlations and use such correlations to optimize the marketing mix.

The Aliens Next Door :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

The Aliens Next Door   Ã‚  Ã‚   Three of them are on the right side of my bed. I try to holler but I can't. I can't move. I'm scared, remembering the pain from the other times. They fly through the ceiling and out the roof, taking me with them. Next thing I'm in their craft, lying on a table, and I'm cold. I'm naked. They're putting something up into my vagina, and I'm scared they'll leave it there. They wear skintight black coveralls. They look like black grasshoppers. No hair, wide jaw. Black eyes, big, halfway between round and oval. Small openings for nostrils. No ears, just foot-long antennae. A thumb and three long pointy fingers. They're cold when they touch me. They talk to one another and I hear them in my mind. They have a damp, musty odor about them. They roll me over and put a burning hot needle along my spine. They aren't saying anything. I can't cry for help. Afterwards I'm floating out of a craft. There are beings with me surrounding me. I'm not scared. I'm back in bed, drif ting off to sleep. They're gone. (Gordon, 82).    Many of the world's inhabitants have reported experiences like those of Mary, a hospital administrator, who, at the age of forty-three, remembered her abduction by alien beings through hypnotic regression. (Gordon 82) Many people believe in alien beings from other planets. Many people also believe that aliens have visited Earth in UFOs. A UFO is an unidentified flying object. This usually ranges from an airplane to the much publicized alien aircrafts from outer space.    When people think of aliens they usually think of little green men from Mars, other little gray men, or giant monsters. The little gray men are described to be about four feet tall. There heads are large and oval. The beings' eyes are also shaped like ovals, but turned up at the ends like cat's eyes. The aliens have also been described as having long fingers that extend from the wrist. These wrists are attached to extremely long arms connected at narrow shoulder blades. These alien beings are also said to radiate a luminescent aura. The large monsters have been described as anything that can be imagined from the depths of one's soul.

Reading Assessments Essay

INFORMAL USE FORMAL USE FORMATIVE USE SUMMATIVE USE | ANECDOTALRECORDS| To observe students in instructional settings. Used for identifying reading comprehension benchmark. (Boyd-Batstone, 2004),| THINK ALOUDS| Stragey for the think aloud enables modeling for students. Enables them to see how accomplished readers create the meaning from the book. Enables students to monitor their thoughts as they read and advances their intellectual capacity. It educates students to look back over a sentence, read in advance to clarify, and/or look for context sign to make logic of what they read. SELF-EVALUATI0N| To progress accomplishment in the classroom. Supports the idea of a collaborative learning environment. Assessment offers educators to increase ways to connect students to be more imaginative. (Stiggins, 1991,2001). | END OF UNIT TEST OR PROJECTS| When assessments reproduce the affirmed learning objectives, a well-made end of unit test provides teachers with information relating to individual students. | | | | | | FEEDBACK | Teacher create written or oral feedback to student discussion or work. | | | | | | | | | | STANDAR-ADIZED ASSESS-MENTS | Tests that precisely reveal state performance and content standards offers a clue of how many students are accomplishing established grade-level expectations| | | | | | | | PORTFOLI0S | When used as part of an assessment of student learning, portfolios make available proof to support attainment of stated learning objectives| | | | | | CURRICULM BASED MEASUREM-ENT (CBM)| Set of standardized measures is used to decide student progress and performance (Deno, 2001). | | | | READING LOGS| | COMPREHENSIVE TEST OF PHONOLOGIC-AL PROCESSING | Spotlight is on observing learner replies. Monitor progress with instruction. Presents instantaneous responses to both the educator and student on the topic of the learning process. | DISCOVERY TALK | Conversations used to unearth out what is going on in students life that might be affecting performance at school. (Zimmerman,1996)| | | | ORALRETELLINGS| Gives evidence that students comprehend what they are reading. †¢ Students retell the story by using their own words and recalling the sequence of events correctly. †¢ Students should be able to answer to questions about the chapter/book †¢ Have students create drawings that demonstrate comprehension. Relate new knowledge to prior knowledge (Rathvon, 2004). | DIBELS| Set of measures and procedures for assessing the achievement of early literacy Intended to be short (one minute) fluency dealings used to regularly observe the growth of early literacy and early reading skills. Developed to measure, recognized and empirically confirm skills related to reading outcomes. | | | | | | RECORDEDOBSERVATION| Offers assessment to center the focal point on the student’s potential to identify logos or common signs in or out of the context. (Compton,1997). | Story Construction from aPicture Book| Enables teacher to see how a student interprets the story and observation of reading skills. | | | | | | STUDENTPORTFOLIOS| Supplies data to document recognized reading goals. (Paris, 2002)| Use collections of classroom assessmentInformation to get ready for parent conferences. Classroom assessment assist to be aware of the whole child| | | | | | | . References Boyd-Batstone, P. (2004). Focused anecdotal records assessment: A tool for standards-based, authentic assessment. Reading Teacher, 58(4), 230-238. Compton, D.L. (1997). Using a developmental model to assess children’s word recognition. Intervention in School and Clinic, 32(5), 283. Deno, S. L. (2001). Curriculum-based measures: Development and perspectives. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://www. progressmonitoring. net/CBM_Article_Deno. pdf. Hoge, R. D. , & Coladarci, T. (1989). Teacher-based judgments of academic achievement: A review of literature. Review of Educational Research, 59(3), 297–323. Paris, S. G. , Paris, A. H. , & Carpenter, R. D. (2002). Effective practices for assessing young readers. In B. Taylor & P. D. Pearson (Eds. ), Teaching reading: Effective schools, accomplished teachers (pp. 141-162). Mahwah, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Rathvon, N. (2004). Early reading assessment: A practitioner’s handbook. New York: Guilford Press. Stiggins, R. J. (2001). The unfulfilled promise of classroom assessment. EducationalMeasurement: Issues and Practice, 20(3), 5-14. Zimmerman, B. J. , Bonner, S. , & Kovach, R. (1996). Developing self-regulated learners: Beyond achievement to self-efficacy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Plato and three waves essays

Plato and three waves essays Every culture cherishes its own marriage traditions and superstitions. A wedding is a cultural performance conducted by many people all over the world. Family and friends witness it. This cultural ritual goes back in time to B.C. when the Greeks and Romans began the traditions. Many traditions originated from old rhymes, folktales or tribal traditions whose origins are lost in time. There are equally surprising origins for such a ritual such as the ring finger, wedding ring and wedding cake. All of these traditions are prearranged to show the beginning of two people starting their lives together. Just recently I was a spectator of one of the most beautiful weddings that was put together to define this cultural ritual. It was taken place at North Gate Country Club on January 21, 2001. My friend Keri was wed to Mike. The performance of this cultural ritual took quite a bit time and money to piece perfectly together. This wedding took time and effort by friends and family to create the perfect moment when the parents gave away their children. Usually, no wedding is ever the same but this wedding had a tale of its own. One of the most of the important thing to any wedding is the people who attend and the people who participate in this ritual. Not just anyone can attend a wedding. Keri and Mike invited their closest friends and family by wedding invitations. They were sent so that they could count how many would be able to attend. It very important they have a number of people present so they know how many chairs, tables, food, and wedding favors to account for when they have the wedding. The actual performers of the wedding are very important. One actual performer includes the priest, pastor, or other members of clergy depending on religion to wed the couple. Then there is the bride, brides maids, and maid of honor, which participate as the brides closest friend. Next are the groom, grooms men and best ma ...

Satchmo essays

Satchmo essays Louis Armstrong, also known as The Great Satchmo, was one of the greatest musicians in the United States during his time. The actual date of Louis Armstrong's birth has been debated over time. Some say that he was born on July 4th, 1900. Others say that he was born on August 4th, 1901. There is also some historical evidence that Armstrong was born around 1898. When Louis was born, he was not born into the greatest life-living conditions. He was born in an impoverished area of New Orleans. The place he was born at was known as the Back O'Town. At the time of Louis' birth, his father, Willie Armstrong left the family, leaving him to be raised by his grandmother, Josephine Armstrong. His mother, Mayann, was not able to take care of him for the first few years of his life. While he was growing up during his childhood, he had been exposed to a lot of music. He was influenced by blues, ragtime, and religious music. Armstrong had worked many odd jobs, but his best job that he w orked was as a singer in a barbershop quartet on the streets. He did this to make money. In 1912, Armstrong was arrested and put in the Waifs Colored Home in New Orleans. Some people say that he was arrested over firing a firearm, but historians believe that he was arrested because of a delinquency charge. While he was in this home, he had been provided with his first musical training with an instrument. Peter Davis, a member of the house was the first to teach him to play. Armstrong also played his first cornet and joined a band while at the home. They did marches and performed ragtime music. While in New Orleans, Armstrong had worked with a man known as Joe Oliver. He was a teacher to young Louis Armstrong. While Louis worked with Oliver, he had gained public exposure as a musician. However, Oliver had left New Orleans to go to Chicago, which left Armstrong to be Olivers replacement in ...

Identity and Representation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Identity and Representation - Essay Example It will further highlight the tensions encountered in entering an unfamiliar group and how the values brought in are affected. Some electronic, print and social media have linked Islam and, inevitably, the Arab world to intolerance and violence while ignoring its commonalities to other religions (Cote & Levine 57). Some cultural groups immediately associate the mention of an Arab with negativities such as barbarism, terrorism, religious fanatics, cruelty, oil wars in deserts and belly-dancing women. As an Arab student in the US, where a multicultural philosophy conspicuously prevails in the education system, I was shocked at how different it is with Arabs. Some students are driven into an identity crisis and take frantic measures, some extreme, to adopt or reject the host culture with a risk of ending up in depression. However, I decided not to lose my culture, which is the source of my identity and at the same time not give stereotypes, in contrast to their expectations, a chance to confirm their perceptions. The best way to maintain a positive identity is to preserve my heritage while respecting that of others by fully interacting with them. As a new member of the university society, it is my duty not to let the behaviors, feelings and thoughts of those I interact with be influenced by their wrongly adviced perception of my cultural background. I chose to view the diversity of the American culture as the true source of knowledge, beauty and richness that it is. At the same time, I expect the US Constitution to support the desire of all minorities, including Arabs and Muslims, to conserve their heritage. That will be in accordance to the values upon which the US was built (Leary & Tangney 24). I do not intend to let go of my cultural roots, and I opted for a problem-oriented approach towards the stereotype, rather than an emotion-oriented one as stereotypes would expect. An emotional approach would make me want to â€Å"fit into† the American culture an d resent anything linking me to my culture. This leads to attempts to attain a culture that I do not belong to, with a possibility of rejecting my own people. Instead, I chose to be proud of my identity and heritage and contribute positively to a country populated with a myriad of cultures. I attend and invite friends to my cultural functions as well as others that are foreign to me. I never point out any negative aspect of other cultures, especially in culturally polarized areas or around people that can be offended by my remarks. I make it my policy to participate, and invite others, to community service whenever time allows. I further realize that an emotion-oriented approach towards an identity representation can lead an individual or a cultural group to create a defense mechanism, albeit unconsciously. They attach themselves fully to their homes or community and vehemently reject everything else not perceived as part of their heritage. Such rejection of outside cultures often c ulminates into violence, which contributes towards confirmation of the stereotype. Studies have shown that this group even has a tendency of rejecting other Arabs who adopted foreign cultures (Leary & Tangney 31). It is further shown that

Commercial Contract Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Commercial Contract - Case Study Example (Atiyah Chapter 1). c.) Acceptance: When two parties willingly agree to the terms and conditions of a contract, then the requirements of acceptance can be claimed to have been met. Thus, the moment Stamatelly showed written acceptance of the laptop at the offered price, the first part of the contract can be said to have begun. Even if Yusuf did not show the initial direct signs of accepting, his action of replying to the e-mail to clarify the offered price is an advanced stage of acceptance to sell the laptop. (Atiyah Chapter 1). d.) Acquiescence: This is defined as the contracting parties actions and inactions as long as the initial acceptance stage had been satisfied. The issue of time is also important at this stage, as a seller who makes an offer at certain terms and conditions and receives offers at the same, needs to seal the deal without any further delay. In the above case study, Yusuf first made the laptop offer at $200. Stamatelly replied with an earlier lower price of $120. However Yusuf was adamant and fixed the offer at $200, which Stamatelly acquiesced to without further condition. (Atiyah Chapter 1). In the end Yusuf sold the laptop to another party at $180 which was much less than what Stamatelly wanted to offer. Yusuf also changed conditions for the sale at later stage to include time that the offer will be available. Even though he set the final settlement time of before noon the next day, he had sold the laptop the previous evening. This, coupled with the last minute change of price will be a potential legal suit for breach of business contract. (Atiyah Chapter 1). An analysis of the objective theory of this contract. In citing the Wilson Court Ltd. P'ship v. Tony Maroni's, Inc., 952 P.2d 590, 594 (Wash. 1998) (citing U.S. Life Credit Life Ins. Co. v. Williams, 919 P.2d 594, 597 (Wash. 1996), a contract is objective its manifestation is considered over its unseen subjective intentions of the contracting parties. Thus in the case study, Yusuf exhibited outward manifestation of assent when he clarified that the price would remain at $200. Thereafter, Stamatelly expressed mutual consent on these terms. At no one time was there any dispute about the condition of the product of contract which is the laptop. (Atiyah Chapter 2 - 4): (Stephen Waddams Chapter 1-3) It is also right to hold that both parties expressed outward manifestation of assent. Yusuf did so by the exclusive advertisement about the Laptop make, condition and price and even gave out his telephone numbers and e-mail for authenticity of the advertisement. Stamatelly also did so by writing to accept the offer in terms and condition by e-mail. The e-mail platform in this case study can be held as the outward manifestation whether direct or indirect. This is following the City of Everett v. Estate of Sumstad, 631 P.2d 366, 367 (Wash. 1981). (Atiyah Chapter 2 - 4): (Stephen Waddams Chapter 1-3) Possible Legal Redress. Stamatelly can rightly seek legal redress. She can aver that Yusuf was in breach of commercial contract especially at the acquiescence stage. She can cite the issue of time that was first introduced at a later stage